{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T21:55:54Z","timestamp":1768254954202,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for secondary ocular hypertension (SOHT) following intravitreal dexamethasone implants (Ozurdex\u00ae) in patients with diabetic macular oedema (DME) and macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in a Swedish cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included 309 eyes from 249 patients treated with Ozurdex\u00ae at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, M\u00f6lndal, Sweden, from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2023. Electronic medical records were reviewed for data including patient demographics, number of injections, incidence of and treatment modalities for SOHT and rate of Ozurdex\u00ae discontinuation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 309 eyes, 217 (70.2%) were in the DME group and 92 (29.8%) in the RVO group. Overall, 117 eyes (37.9%) developed SOHT (intraocular pressure (IOP) \u226525\u2009mmHg or a rise of \u226510\u2009mmHg from baseline); this included 77 of 217 DME eyes (35.5%) and 40 of 92 RVO eyes (43.5%). Men were more than twice as likely as women to develop SOHT (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.53, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Each unit increase in baseline IOP was associated with an 8% increase in the odds of SOHT (aOR: 1.08 <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025). Of all eyes, 30.5% received IOP\u2010lowering treatment, primarily prostaglandins. None required invasive surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our finding that 30.5% of eyes received IOP\u2010lowering treatment confirms that SOHT is a prevalent complication following intravitreal dexamethasone implants. Male gender and higher baseline IOP were key indicators for developing SOHT after Ozurdex\u00ae treatment, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring. Most cases were managed with IOP\u2010lowering eye drops, indicating that while common, SOHT is typically manageable without invasive interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.17475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T11:36:28Z","timestamp":1741692988000},"page":"699-706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Secondary ocular hypertension as an adverse effect of treatment with intravitreal dexamethasone implant: A retrospective Swedish cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1962-7160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imadeddin","family":"Abu Ishkheidem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Gothenburg University  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Breimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Gothenburg University  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8230-0741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madeleine","family":"Zetterberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Gothenburg University  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8534-080X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbas","family":"Al\u2010Hawasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Swedish Digital Ophthalmology Centre  Linkoping Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6298-360X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marita Andersson","family":"Gr\u00f6nlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Gothenburg University  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health \u00d6rebro University  Orebro 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