{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T15:12:04Z","timestamp":1789571524797,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,11]],"date-time":"2025-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a prevalent maculopathy, but epidemiological studies are few. In this study, we determined the prevalence of CSC for the first time in a Scandinavian population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study was based on nationwide opportunistic retinal examination from 79 high street chain optician stores in Denmark. Retinal imaging was made using non\u2010mydriatic colour fundus photography. Any abnormal result in the optometrist\u2010facilitated retinal examination was referred to tele\u2010ophthalmologic evaluation, which was performed by experienced consultant ophthalmologists who diagnosed CSC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During the 4\u2010year study period, a total of 968\u2009610 unique individuals underwent retinal examination, which corresponded to 16.3% of the entire population of Denmark. Of these, 113 individuals were diagnosed with CSC, which corresponded to a prevalence of 14 per 100\u2009000. Individuals with CSC presented at a mean age of 48.2\u2009\u00b1\u200912.3\u2009years; however, CSC was present in a large age range as both teenagers and the elderly with CSC were identified. Male biological sex was a statistically significant risk factor (odds ratio: 2.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.64\u20133.33,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). By extrapolating prevalence numbers to population statistics, we estimate that 219 females and 511 males had CSC in Denmark in December 2022.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified a prevalence of 14 per 100\u2009000, confirmed male biological sex as a significant risk factor for CSC, and found that the disease most commonly occurs among individuals aged 30\u201360\u2009years. Further studies with multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography are warranted for better accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.17520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T02:54:22Z","timestamp":1747018462000},"page":"776-781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prevalence of central serous chorioretinopathy in Denmark"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Ida N.","family":"Frederiksen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet  Glostrup Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4304-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danson V.","family":"Muttuvelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mit\u00d8je v\/ Danske Speciall\u00e6ger ApS  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Anguita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lasse J.","family":"Cehofski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie S.","family":"Eriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet  Glostrup Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Faber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet  Glostrup Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mads K.","family":"Falk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Zealand University Hospital  Roskilde Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0715-6369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Ferro Desideri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Department for Bio Medical Research University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Bern Photographic Reading Center, Inselspital University Hospital Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2617-0289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Giannaccare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences University of Cagliari  Cagliari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5019-0736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob","family":"Grauslund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Vestfold Hospital Trust  T\u00f8nsberg Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8610-7455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Stormly","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet  Glostrup Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5238-8295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josef","family":"Huemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University  Linz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9740-2580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morten B.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d8jenl\u00e6ge Morten B\u00f8gelund Larsen  T\u00f8nder Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ligor P.","family":"Kiruparajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris B.","family":"S\u00f8ndergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Taloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine University of Ferrara  Ferrara Italy"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Ospedali Privati Forl\u00ec \u201cVilla Igea\u201d  Forl\u00ec Italy"},{"name":"Istituto Internazionale per la Ricerca e Formazione in Oftalmologia  Forl\u00ec Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias E.","family":"Torp\u2010Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet  Glostrup 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