{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T16:01:16Z","timestamp":1783008076714,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016063","name":"Stichting Steunfonds Uitzicht","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023\u201015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\u201015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016063","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This report evaluates the association of three distinct leakage patterns of choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), previously correlated with disease chronicity, with retinal sensitivity measured by microperimetry in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC): unifocal indistinct signs of hyperpermeability (uni\u2010FISH), multifocal (multi\u2010FISH), and diffuse (DISH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CERTAIN study is a retrospective analysis of consecutive CSC patients referred to a tertiary centre between 01\/09\/2021 and 30\/11\/2022. Patients underwent ultra\u2010widefield (UWF) and 55\u00b0 ICGA plus comprehensive multimodal imaging, including microperimetry. Two independent graders assessed CVH patterns on UWF and 55\u00b0 ICGA. In case of disagreement, a third grader adjudicated. Eyes with CVH and mesopic microperimetry data were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 154 eyes from 91 CSC patients were included. On UWF ICGA, DISH showed lower macular sensitivity than the uni\u2010FISH reference (\u22122.61\u2009dB,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.047). Sensitivity was also lower (\u22122.24\u2009dB,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) when comparing DISH to a combined uni\u2010 and multi\u2010FISH group (FISH). On 55\u00b0 ICGA, DISH again showed lower sensitivity versus uni\u2010FISH (\u22123.13\u2009dB,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01) and the FISH group (\u22122.82\u2009dB,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.010).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CVH patterns of uni\u2010FISH, multi\u2010FISH, and DISH demonstrate a marked association with levels of retinal sensitivity in CSC patients, particularly macular sensitivity, which is lower in DISH compared to (uni\u2010)FISH. Our findings highlight the potential role of ICGA patterns in assessing disease severity and functional prognostication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.17588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T13:41:05Z","timestamp":1758116465000},"page":"288-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Choroidal vascular hyperpermeability patterns in central serous chorioretinopathy correlate with microperimetry:\n                    <scp>CERTAIN<\/scp>\n                    study\u00a0report 4"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0460-7515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Chang\u2010Wolf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden The\u00a0Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurenz J. B.","family":"Pauleikhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chabelie","family":"Ruiters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9313-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annette C.","family":"Moll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinier O.","family":"Schlingemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Ocular Angiogenesis Group Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of Lausanne, Jules\u2010Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile Des Aveugles  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elon H. 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