{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:55:06Z","timestamp":1791561306631,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008723","name":"Suomen L\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013511","name":"Silm\u00e4s\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013511","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015738","name":"Mary och Georg C. Ehrnrooths Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011935","name":"Pohjois-Suomen Terveydenhuollon Tukis\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011935","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to evaluate the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with macular thickness and retinal vascular calibres in the population\u2010based cohort (Northern Finland Birth Cohort).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The population of 2242 individuals was divided into MetS (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009344) and control groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091898). Cirrus HD\u2010OCT 4000 was used to measure total macular thickness. Central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) were calculated from the fundus images. The MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult Treatment Panel III).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A significant reduction in macular thickness was observed in subjects with MetS (279.4\u2009\u00b1\u200913.5 vs. 282.2\u2009\u00b1\u200914.1\u2009\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001); the difference was greatest in the nasal and inferior subfields in the outer perimeter (\u22123.18\u2009\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and\u2009\u2212\u20093.68\u2009\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Among the MetS components, waist circumference (WC) was particularly associated with thinning of the macula. Furthermore, subjects with MetS displayed decreased CRAE (139.8\u2009\u00b1\u200913.2 vs. 141.8\u2009\u00b1\u200914.0\u2009\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014) and increased CRVE (221.7\u2009\u00b1\u200920.5 vs. 218.3\u2009\u00b1\u200919.0\u2009\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007). The elevated systolic blood pressure and WC were associated with arterial narrowing, while dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol were associated with venular widening.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We detected a thinning of the macula in the MetS in our population\u2010based cohort. The diameters of the retinal arteries decreased, and the venules increased in MetS. These findings suggest that obesity is related to structural changes in the eyes in middle\u2010aged subjects, which may have implications for ocular health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.70131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T05:25:36Z","timestamp":1776489936000},"page":"760-768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between metabolic syndrome, macular structures and retinal vascular calibres in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort Eye Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8085-2047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenni M.","family":"Huru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Oulu University Hospital  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"MRC Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oona","family":"Ahokas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Oulu University Hospital  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"MRC Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilmari L.","family":"Leivisk\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Oulu University Hospital  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"MRC Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3189-7626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ville O.","family":"Saarela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Oulu University Hospital  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"MRC Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Johanna","family":"Liinamaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Oulu University Hospital  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"MRC Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"809","article-title":"Association of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography retinal features with visual function in older adults","volume":"140","author":"Dong Y.","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA 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