{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:54:33Z","timestamp":1791561273976,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010805","name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det i Syd\u00f6stra Sverige","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["969152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["969152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010805","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report treatment patterns, time\u2010to\u2010resolution (TTR) and aetiologies of bacterial keratitis (BK) infections treated in a specialized hospital\u2010based cornea clinic in Sweden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study based on electronic health records screened during the period 2010\u20132019. The study included only culture\u2010confirmed cases of BK. TTR was defined as the number of days from the sample collection for microbiological culture to the date that the cornea healed. Factors affecting TTR were investigated with Cox regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contact lens wear and severely ill\/blind eye were the most common aetiologies among the 188 patients. Empirical treatment consisted of fluoroquinolones in combination with aminoglycosides in 50% of the patients. Median TTR was 22\u2009days (95% CI: 12, 34) for contact lens\u2013related BK and 90\u2009days (95% CI: 55, 146) in complicated cases with miscellaneous or unknown aetiology. Hazard ratio (HR) for infections in females (HR\u2009=\u20091.93; 95% CI: 1.34, 2.79), contact lens wearers (HR\u2009=\u20092.72; 95% CI: 1.79, 4.14) and infections caused by Gram\u2010positive pathogens (HR\u2009=\u20092.50; 95% CI: 1.50, 4.19) indicated that infections in these categories healed at a faster rate than their reference categories. Patients switching to treatment with chloramphenicol after it was absent in the empirical treatment had a slower rate of healing than those who received chloramphenicol as part of the empirical treatment (HR\u2009=\u20090.58; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.87).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current study provides unique TTR estimates for BK. The results revealed that age, sex, aetiology, empirical treatment and Gram staining can affect TTR. In our sample, empirical treatment that includes chloramphenicol could potentially reduce TTR. These findings can be used to individualize disease management and prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.70141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T06:21:01Z","timestamp":1776061261000},"page":"802-810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Infectious bacterial keratitis management in a Swedish region: Risk factors, treatment and time\u2010to\u2010resolution"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2140-4584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Roth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Optometry Linnaeus University  Kalmar Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3436-2010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio Filipe","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Optometry Linnaeus University  Kalmar Sweden"},{"name":"Department and Centre of Physics\u2010Optometry and Vision Science University of Minho  Braga Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Somajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Linnaeus University  Kalmar Sweden"},{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Region Kronoberg  V\u00e4xj\u00f6\/Karlskrona Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Tannerfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Link\u00f6ping University  Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baris","family":"Toprak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Link\u00f6ping University  Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1079-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil","family":"Lagali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Link\u00f6ping University  Link\u00f6ping Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology S\u00f8rlandet Hospital  Arendal Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.86231"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu222"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176345976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2020.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182\u2010023\u201000496\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/opth.S352209"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.7.834"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473\u20103099(20)30448\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.14113"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/meajo.MEAJO_264_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.9.1182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013001.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102717"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13332"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318156caf2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442\u20109071.2007.01511.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech\u20102019\u2010213435"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417\u2010020\u201004681\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/cia.S467262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12723"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol\u20102013\u2010304660"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11020224"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2023.2279740"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1229095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0000000000003983"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201004404\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2012\u20100651\u2010OA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18502\/jovr.v15i2.6729"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12348\u2010024\u201000432\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002705"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14256"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.101028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","unstructured":"Socialstyrelsen. (2001)Infekti\u00f6s keratit orsakad av bakterier svamp eller protozoer 2001\u2010123\u201070. Socialstyrelsen. Available from:https:\/\/swedeye.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2010\/02\/2001\u2010123\u201070.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433\u2010020\u201001378\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433\u2010024\u201003323\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","unstructured":"Swedish Ophtalmological Society. (2023)Nationella kunskapsst\u00f6d. Available from:https:\/\/swedeye.org\/nationella\u2010kunskapsstod\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","unstructured":"Therneau T.(2024)A Package for Survival Analysis in R. (R package version 3.8\u20103 Issue). Available from:https:\/\/CRAN.R\u2010project.org\/package=survival"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/opto.S189115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010021\u201092366\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433\u2010020\u201001339\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","unstructured":"UCLA: Statistical Consulting Group. (n.d.)Introduction to SAS. Retrieved 2025\/02\/14 fromhttp:\/\/stats.oarc.ucla.edu\/sas\/modules\/introduction\u2010to\u2010the\u2010features\u2010of\u2010sas\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2021.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318165b200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2781"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). (2025)ICD\u201011 for mortality and morbidity statistics. Available from:https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse\/2025\u201001\/mms\/en#1103667651"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2021.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11020238"}],"container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aos.70141","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/aos.70141","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aos.70141","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:22:41Z","timestamp":1791559361000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aos.70141"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aos.70141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aos.70141","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-375X","1755-3768"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-375X","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-3768","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}