{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T13:41:31Z","timestamp":1754487691309},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]],"date-time":"2016-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The varicella\u2010zoster virus causes infections that are often mild but can cause substantial morbidity and mortality in otherwise healthy children. We examined trends in varicella\u2010related hospitalisations before and after the implementation of a national two\u2010dose varicella vaccination programme in Israel in September 2008.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective chart review, performed at three tertiary care paediatric hospitals in greater Tel Aviv, compared data from 2004 to 2008 and 2009 to 2012, before and after the varicella programme was launched. It included all children to the age of 18 who were hospitalised for conditions associated with the varicella infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After the vaccination programme was introduced, the number of children hospitalised for varicella fell by 63% (p &lt; 0.5), from 38.9 to 14.5 per 10 000, and there was a 75% reduction in children aged one to six. During the same period, the percentage of hospitalised children who were immunocompromised rose from 9.7% to 18.4% (p &lt; 0.05). The most common complications were soft\u2010tissue infections (60%), and the most prevalent pathogens were <jats:italic>Group A \u03b2\u2010haemolytic streptococcus<\/jats:italic> (53%) and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (32%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The introduction of a two\u2010dose immunisation programme dramatically decreased the varicella burden in Israel, leading to a major reduction in hospitalisation admissions linked to the infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,28]],"date-time":"2015-12-28T04:46:44Z","timestamp":1451278004000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Immunisation led to a major reduction in paediatric patients hospitalised because of the varicella infection in 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