{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:03:41Z","timestamp":1784257421122,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000413","name":"Foyle Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000413","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain management is a priority for infants receiving neonatal care as they undergo many necessary painful and stressful interventions, which are associated with negative short\u2010 or long\u2010term consequences. This study aims to validate the content, and test the reliability, of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EV<\/jats:styled-content>aluation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IN<\/jats:styled-content>tervention Scale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVIN<\/jats:styled-content>), which is designed to evaluate the use of widely recommended nonpharmacological strategies to reduce neonatal pain and stress during procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The content of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVIN<\/jats:styled-content> was validated with multidisciplinary participation (N = 80), and consistency was established via observations on preterm infants (N = 12, at 31\u201334 weeks' gestation) during interventions in a neonatal unit. A revised scale was tested for inter\u2010rater reliability with observations of invasive (blood sampling, N = 16) and noninvasive (nappy change, N = 18) interventions. The intraclass correlation coefficient (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content>) was used to determine inter\u2010rater reliability. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPSS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PASW<\/jats:styled-content> Statistics) version 18 was used for analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Very good intraclass correlation coefficients (&gt;0.8) for both invasive (0.962) and noninvasive procedures (0.970) were achieved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results indicate that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EVIN<\/jats:styled-content> is suitable for the evaluation of nonpharmacological support during painful or stressful interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,20]],"date-time":"2016-02-20T20:57:54Z","timestamp":1456001874000},"page":"618-622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The validity and reliability of the <scp>EV<\/scp>aluation of <scp>IN<\/scp>tervention Scale: preliminary report"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Inga","family":"Warren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapy Services Imperial Neonatal Service Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beverley","family":"Hicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapy Services Imperial Neonatal Service Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agneta","family":"Kleberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Astrid Lindgren Children Hospital Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Eliahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistical Advisory Service Imperial College London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanwaljeet J. 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