{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T21:45:03Z","timestamp":1726436703718},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,24]],"date-time":"2016-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"BirthLink, UK"},{"name":"Vivacell-MTS Armenia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cranial ultrasound is seldom used in middle\u2010income countries, and the burden of preterm brain injury and its relationship to perinatal data is unknown. We assessed cranial ultrasound abnormalities in very low\u2010birthweight (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLBW<\/jats:styled-content>) infants and correlated the findings with perinatal data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLBW<\/jats:styled-content> Armenian infants receiving neonatal intensive care in 2012 were scanned from birth to term\u2010equivalent age (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEA<\/jats:styled-content>). Clinical data were collected prospectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 100 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLBW<\/jats:styled-content> infants with a median gestation of 30 weeks. Periventricular white matter echogenicity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVE<\/jats:styled-content>) lasting more than two weeks was seen in 34 infants, grade <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> intraventricular haemorrhage (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content>) in 10, haemorrhagic parenchymal infarction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPI<\/jats:styled-content>) in seven and cystic periventricular leukomalacia in two. Caudothalamic notch echogenicity appeared in 36 infants after two to three weeks, with cystic transformation in 22. At <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEA<\/jats:styled-content>, 17 infants had persisting <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVE<\/jats:styled-content>s and 55 had increased basal ganglia\/thalamic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BGT<\/jats:styled-content>) echogenicity. Lack of antenatal steroids was significantly associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPI<\/jats:styled-content> and intubation at birth with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content>. Late <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BGT<\/jats:styled-content> echogenicity was generally seen in infants without perinatal problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study demonstrated that cranial ultrasound can be used effectively in a middle\u2010income country to identify high\u2010risk infants and monitor quality of care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]],"date-time":"2016-03-23T02:24:38Z","timestamp":1458699878000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Preterm cranial ultrasound scanning is both feasible and effective in a middle\u2010income country"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Pavel A.","family":"Mazmanyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre of Maternal and Child Health Protection Yerevan Armenia"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Yerevan State Medical University Yerevan Armenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Knarik V.","family":"Nikoghosyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Yerevan State Medical University Yerevan Armenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Varsenik V.","family":"Kerobyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre of Maternal and Child Health Protection Yerevan Armenia"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Yerevan State Medical University Yerevan Armenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathy J.","family":"Mellor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BirthLink London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesus","family":"Diez\u2010Sebastian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics La Paz University Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Martinez\u2010Biarge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frances M.","family":"Cowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2013.204"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60820-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"UNICEF.UNICEF analysis based on United Nations Inter\u2010agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) as published in UNICEF: Committing to Child Survival: A promise renewed\u2010Progress report 2014 UNICEF New York2014.http:\/\/data.unicef.org\/child-mortality\/neonatal#sthash.H33l7t9d.dpuf(accessed on 21 May 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.03.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia in Nigerian infants of very low birth weight","volume":"22","author":"Ajayi O","year":"2003","journal-title":"West Afr J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-006-0050-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"1362","article-title":"Intraventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight infants. 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