{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:07:31Z","timestamp":1788887251489,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,27]],"date-time":"2016-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The impact of the emergence of antimicrobial resistant organisms has rarely been studied in children, including the healthcare costs of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase (ESBL)\u2010producing bacteria. We evaluated the effect of ESBL on UTI healthcare costs and risk factors for paediatric UTIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective case\u2013control study covered 2005\u20132014 and focused on children below 16 years of age treated in a University hospital: 22 children with UTIs caused by ESBL\u2010producing bacteria and 56 ESBL\u2010negative UTI controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median healthcare costs were 3929 Euros for the 22 ESBL patients and 1705 Euros for the 56 controls (p = 0.015). The mean and standard deviation length of hospital stay was 7.4 (5.9) days for the ESBL group and 3.6 (2.3) days for the controls (p = 0.007), and the figures for antibiotic treatment were 12.3 (5.5) days versus 5.8 (3.0) days (p &lt; 0.001), respectively. The odd ratios for ESBL were underlying disease (6.63, p = 0.013), previous hospitalisation (6.07, p = 0.009) and antibiotic prophylaxis (5.20, p = 0.035).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Healthcare costs more than doubled when children had ESBL\u2010related UTIs, mainly due to their increased length of stay. Effective oral antibiotics are urgently needed to treat paediatric infections caused by ESBL\u2010producing bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]],"date-time":"2016-11-07T17:34:19Z","timestamp":1478540059000},"page":"327-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Healthcare costs doubled when children had urinary tract infections caused by extended\u2010spectrum \u03b2\u2010lactamase\u2010producing bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Oona","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere Center for Child Health Research University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Korppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere Center for Child Health Research University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merja","family":"Helminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere Center for Child Health Research University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Antimicrobial resistance;2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ020","article-title":"Extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase\u2010producing enterobacteriaceae in children: old foe, emerging threat","volume":"60","author":"Lukac PJ","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000251496.61520.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis552"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01857.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1402.070350"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12206"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt519"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2013.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182886377"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.06.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1431-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2012.03709.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/319757"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.4.1257-1262.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/507962"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/605630"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3181e358b9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00143-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143729"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"EUCAST guidelines for detection of resistance mechanisms and specific resistances of clinical and\/or epidemiological importance. Available at:http:\/\/www.eucast.org\/resistance-mechanisms\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"Suomalaisen L\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4riseuran Duodecimin Suomen Nefrologiyhdistys ry:n Kliiniset mikrobiologit ry:n Suomen Infektiol\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rit ry:n Suomen Kliinisen Kemian Erikoisl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4riyhdistys ry:n Suomen Lastenl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4riyhdistys ry:n Suomen Urologiyhdistyksen ja Suomen yleisl\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen yhdistys ry:n asettama ty\u00f6ryhm\u00e4. Virtsatieinfektiot \u2013 Current Care Guideline.2013. Available at:http:\/\/www.kaypahoito.fi\/web\/kh\/suositukset\/suositus?id=hoi10050."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/429239"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Welfare.ESBL prevalence 2015;2015. Available at:https:\/\/www.thl.fi\/fi\/web\/infektiotaudit\/seuranta-ja-epidemiat\/tartuntatautirekisteri\/tartuntataudit-suomessa-vuosiraportit\/tautien-esiintyvyys-2015\/esbl-esiintyvyys-2015(accessed on June 1 2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00220-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku097"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq068"}],"container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fapa.13656","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apa.13656","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/apa.13656","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apa.13656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T03:07:25Z","timestamp":1749697645000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/apa.13656"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,27]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/apa.13656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apa.13656","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0803-5253","1651-2227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0803-5253","type":"print"},{"value":"1651-2227","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-08-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-11-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-11-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}