{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T09:18:43Z","timestamp":1774343923884,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006196","name":"Oulun Yliopisto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Foetal growth restriction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>) is associated with communication problems, which might lead to poor literacy skills. The reading and spelling skills of eight\u2010 to 10\u2010year\u2010old<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>children born at 24\u201340 gestational weeks were compared with those of their gestational age\u2013matched, appropriately grown (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGA<\/jats:styled-content>) peers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospectively collected cohort of 37<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>and 31<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGA<\/jats:styled-content>children was recruited prenatally at a Finnish tertiary care centre during 1998\u20132001. The children's reading and spelling skills were assessed using standardised tests for Finnish\u2010speaking second and third graders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significantly more children performed below the 10th percentile normal values for reading and spelling skills in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>group than in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGA<\/jats:styled-content>group. At nine years of age, the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>children had significantly poorer performance in word reading skills and reading fluency, reading accuracy and reading comprehension than the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGA<\/jats:styled-content>controls. No between\u2010group differences were detected at eight years of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>is associated with poor performance in reading and spelling skills. A third of the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>children performed below the 10th percentile normal values at nine years of age. These results indicate a need to continuously evaluate linguistic and literacy skills as<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>children age to ensure optimal support.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T14:31:33Z","timestamp":1501597893000},"page":"79-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Foetal growth restriction is associated with poor reading and spelling skills at eight years to 10 years of age"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Lea","family":"Partanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Language Research Center Faculty of Humanities University of Oulu Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noora","family":"Korkalainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PEDEGO Research Unit Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaarin","family":"M\u00e4kikallio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PEDEGO Research Unit Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Ols\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PEDEGO Research Unit Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Laukkanen\u2010Nevala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistical Consulting Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anneli","family":"Yliherva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Language Research Center Faculty of Humanities University of Oulu Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"705","article-title":"Cerebral and umbilical arterial blood flow velocity waveforms in normal and growth\u2010retarded pregnancies","volume":"69","author":"Wladimiroff JW","year":"1987","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.5.1344s"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.05.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440290907500205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12811"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1821"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.11.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.4042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0265659016654205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219410369096"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"301","volume-title":"Surface dyslexia, neuropsychological and cognitive studies of phonological reading","author":"Frith U","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjep.12030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.100.1.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12412"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/mpq.2006.0031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.7402003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03004430.2013.875542"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","volume-title":"YTTE, luetun ja kuullun ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4misen ja lukemisen arviointi (YTTE, reading and listening comprehension and reading evaluation)","author":"Kajamies A","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.150.2.6691115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","volume-title":"Sanaketjutesti k\u00e4sikirja 1: K\u00e4ytt\u00e4j\u00e4n opas. 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