{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T03:48:40Z","timestamp":1790048920461,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]],"date-time":"2017-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ren\u00e9e and Bredo Grimsgaard's Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study compared the use of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice in all 21 Norwegian neonatal intensive care units (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NICU<\/jats:styled-content>s) from 2013\u20102014 to improve practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Information on all types of phototherapy devices was collected, and irradiance was measured from random units at 20 cm and 50 cm from the light source. We gathered information on local practice rules, including the use of single, double or triple phototherapy, how infants were positioned, the frequency of blood sampling, rules for using reflective surfaces and interrupting phototherapy. In every <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NICU<\/jats:styled-content>, we asked one nurse with more than five years of experience and one with less than one year to set up phototherapy equipment, then measured the irradiance and distance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Photodiodes were the most common of the eight types of phototherapy devices used. Rules for the distance from the device to the infant varied from 10 to 40 cm and in practice they varied from 15 to 48 cm, with irradiance ranging from 11.1\u201356.1 W\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. There were significant variations between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NICU<\/jats:styled-content>s with regard to the overall treatment duration and duration in most birthweight categories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were considerable variations in phototherapy practices among Norwegian <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NICU<\/jats:styled-content>s. In particular, the significant variations in duration need to be addressed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]],"date-time":"2017-11-09T01:26:49Z","timestamp":1510190809000},"page":"620-627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Uniform national guidelines do not prevent wide variations in the clinical application of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Khalaf","family":"Mreihil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Akershus University Hospital L\u00f8renskog Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britt","family":"Nakstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Akershus University Hospital L\u00f8renskog Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans J\u00f8rgen","family":"Stensvold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u016brat\u0117 \u0160altyt\u0117","family":"Benth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway"},{"name":"H\u00d8KH, Research Center Akershus University Hospital L\u00f8renskog Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thor Willy Ruud","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Norwegian NICU Phototherapy Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Norwegian Neonatal Network","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289603500604"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-301486"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2010.02104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2409"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4045\/tidsskr.15.0519"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181dcedc0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Substitution transfusion; 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