{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:25:05Z","timestamp":1782386705758,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Samariten Foundation"},{"name":"Sigvard och Marianne Bernadotte Foundation"},{"name":"Signhild Engkvist Foundation"},{"name":"Linnea och Josef Carlsson Foundation"},{"name":"Sunnerdahl's Handicap Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Optic nerve hypoplasia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONH<\/jats:styled-content>) is a congenital ocular malformation that has been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, but the prevalence in unilateral disease and less severe visual impairment is unknown. We studied intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONH<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a population\u2010based cross\u2010sectional cohort study of 65 patients (33 female) with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONH<\/jats:styled-content> below 20 years of age, living in Stockholm in December 2009, with data analysed in January 2016. Of these 35 were bilateral and 30 were unilateral. Neurodevelopmental disorders were diagnosed or confirmed by neurological assessments, the Five to Fifteen parent questionnaire and reviewing previous neuropsychological investigations or conducting neuropsychological tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bilateral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONH<\/jats:styled-content> patients had lower mean full scale intelligence quotient scores than unilateral patients (84.4 and 99.4, respectively, p = 0.049). We assessed intellectual disability in 55 eligible patients, and it was more common in patients with bilateral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONH<\/jats:styled-content> (18 of 32, 56%) than unilateral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONH<\/jats:styled-content> (two of 23, 9%, p &lt; 0.001). ASDs were diagnosed in seven of 42 (17%) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with bilateral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONH<\/jats:styled-content> had a high risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, especially intellectual disability. The risk was lower in unilateral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONH<\/jats:styled-content>, but the levels of neurodevelopmental disorders warrant screening of both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,24]],"date-time":"2017-11-24T23:56:44Z","timestamp":1511567804000},"page":"484-489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Children with optic nerve hypoplasia face a high risk of neurodevelopmental disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2120-2176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Dahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Neuropediatric Unit Karolinska Institutet Stockholm 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