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Measurement of <jats:italic>\u03c4<\/jats:italic> was taken during spontaneous breathing on endotracheal continuous positive airway pressure prior to extubation, and <jats:italic>\u03c4<\/jats:italic> was calculated from the reciprocal of the slope of the airway pressure decline versus time. Infants were classified as having had systemic or respiratory infection (positive microbiology) if they had any positive bacterial blood or respiratory culture prior to measurement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Measurement of <jats:italic>\u03c4<\/jats:italic> was taken at a median post\u2010natal age of 6 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content> 3\u201329) days. The median <jats:italic>\u03c4<\/jats:italic> was higher in premature infants [17.4 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content> 7.7\u201328.3) sec\/cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O] compared to term infants [6.8 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content> 4.4\u20138.7) sec\/cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001]. The median <jats:italic>\u03c4<\/jats:italic> was higher in infants who had had positive microbiology [17.6 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content> 9.9\u201329.1) sec\/cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O] compared to infants with negative microbiology [8.0 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content> 6.3\u201317.9) sec\/cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, p\u00a0=\u00a00.034]. <jats:italic>\u03c4<\/jats:italic> was related to gestational age (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.265, p\u00a0=\u00a00.003) and weight at measurement (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.269, p\u00a0=\u00a00.002).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Respiratory muscle function in ventilated newborns is negatively affected by prematurity and previous systemic or respiratory infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,16]],"date-time":"2017-12-16T10:56:35Z","timestamp":1513421795000},"page":"587-592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of maturity and infection on the rate of relaxation of the respiratory muscles in ventilated, newborn infants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Theodore","family":"Dassios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Centre King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ourania","family":"Kaltsogianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Centre King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Individual Consultant London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Greenough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology MRC &amp; Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma King's College London London UK"},{"name":"NIHR Biomedical Centre at Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.35.10.417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1978.44.6.909"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1985.59.2.295"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00636.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.87.4.1243"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000477233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.121160"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200307-949OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.6.9912144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.166.4.518"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.49.1.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1983.55.3.731"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.10209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.3.2004176"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181eeeaf4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200005000-00056"}],"container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fapa.14188","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apa.14188","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T22:11:49Z","timestamp":1695679909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/apa.14188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,27]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/apa.14188"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apa.14188","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0803-5253","1651-2227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0803-5253","type":"print"},{"value":"1651-2227","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-09-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-12-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-12-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}