{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:58:15Z","timestamp":1788548295897,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]],"date-time":"2018-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Elevated levels of anti\u2010tissue transglutaminase (anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tTG<\/jats:styled-content>) antibody may spontaneously normalise in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, even if they eat gluten. The prevalence of this phenomenon and predictors of a subsequent coeliac disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>) diagnosis were determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medical records of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at Ha'Emek Medical Centre, Israel, from 2007 to 2015, were retrospectively reviewed for elevated anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tTG<\/jats:styled-content> antibody levels. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and histological findings were compared between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> patients and those with transient coeliac serology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 425 patients with new onset type 1 diabetes, 34 (8%) had elevated anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tTG<\/jats:styled-content> antibodies: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> was diagnosed in 14, anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tTG<\/jats:styled-content> normalisation occurred in 13 and duodenal biopsies did not suggest <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> in seven without anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tTG<\/jats:styled-content> antibody normalisation. Protective factors for a subsequent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis were older age (p = 0.009) and mildly elevated anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tTG<\/jats:styled-content> antibody levels at the time of the type 1 diabetes diagnosis (p = 0.007), and decreased anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tTG<\/jats:styled-content> levels within six months of diagnosis (p = 0.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serological follow\u2010up of a diet containing gluten is recommended for children who have newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and slightly elevated anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tTG<\/jats:styled-content> antibodies with no symptoms that suggest <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,12]],"date-time":"2018-05-12T11:40:59Z","timestamp":1526125259000},"page":"149-153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Elevated anti\u2010tissue transglutaminase antibodies in children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes do not always indicate coeliac disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7634-5310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Firas","family":"Rinawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Gastroenterology Unit Ha'Emek Medical Centre Afula Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basel","family":"Badarneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Department Ha'Emek Medical Centre Afula 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