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Acute and follow\u2010up ultrasounds were carried out a few days and one month after treatment started, and a <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>technetium dimercaptosuccinic acid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMSA<\/jats:styled-content>) scan was carried out after one month and after a year if the first scan was abnormal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The acute ultrasounds showed that renal length and volume, calculated as standard deviation scores (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDS<\/jats:styled-content>), were 1.39 \u00b1 1.43 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDS<\/jats:styled-content> and 1.30 \u00b1 1.08 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDS<\/jats:styled-content>. We found that 52% of the one\u2010month <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMSA<\/jats:styled-content> scans and 25% of the one\u2010year <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMSA<\/jats:styled-content> scans were abnormal. Renal length (p = 0.0026) and initial volume (p = 0.0005) on the ultrasound predicted acute renal damage at the one\u2010month <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMSA<\/jats:styled-content> scan and initial renal length (p = 0.030) predicted permanent renal damage at the one\u2010year <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMSA<\/jats:styled-content> scan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Renal swelling was associated with renal damage. Although the diagnostic performance compared with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMSA<\/jats:styled-content> scan was weak, renal swelling may help clinicians to make decisions about further investigations and follow\u2010ups of infants with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UTI<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T18:29:25Z","timestamp":1530728965000},"page":"2004-2010","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Renal swelling indicates renal damage in infants with their first urinary tract infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9819-0364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y","family":"Simr\u00e9n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Institute of Clinical Sciences at 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