{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T07:33:22Z","timestamp":1772696002344,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study compared how non\u2010invasive respiratory support (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRS<\/jats:styled-content>) was provided in neonatal units in Italy and the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRS<\/jats:styled-content> questionnaire was sent to tertiary neonatal centres, identified by national societies, from November 2015 to May 2016.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Responses were received from 49\/57 (86%) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> units and 103\/115 (90%) Italian units. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRS<\/jats:styled-content> was started in the delivery room by 61% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> units and 85% of Italian units. In neonatal intensive care units, 33% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> units used nasal high\u2010flow therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFT<\/jats:styled-content>) as primary support, compared to 3% in Italy. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content>) was used in 57% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> units and 90% of Italian units. The commonest starting flow rate on nasal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFT<\/jats:styled-content> for term and preterm infants was 6\u00a0L\/min in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>, while Italian units mainly used this flow for term infants. In the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>, 67% of units decreased nasal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFT<\/jats:styled-content> by 1\u00a0L\/min per day. In Italy, infants on nasal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content> were weaned by 1\u00a0cm H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O per day in 39% of units.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The way that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRS<\/jats:styled-content> was managed for very preterm infants differed between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> and Italy, reflecting a lack of evidence on optimal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRS<\/jats:styled-content> and the use of local protocols.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T14:22:36Z","timestamp":1539267756000},"page":"865-869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["National surveys of <scp>UK<\/scp> and Italian neonatal units highlighted significant differences in the use of non\u2010invasive respiratory support"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6812-7556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilia","family":"Bresesti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology \u201cV. 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