{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T10:51:30Z","timestamp":1750157490995,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This population\u2010based study assessed the incidence of rickets in infants up to age of one born in Sweden from 1997 to 2014. We also examined maternal and perinatal factors and co\u2010morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare registers and data from Statistics Sweden. The outcome measure was an International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, code for rickets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 273 cases of rickets, with an incidence of 14.7 per 100\u00a0000 and a 10\u2010fold incidence increase between 1997 and 2014. The majority (78.4%) were born preterm, half were small\u2010for\u2010gestational age (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>) (birthweight &lt;10th percentile), 4.8% were born to Asian\u2010born mothers and 3.5% to African\u2010born mothers. The adjusted odds ratios by birth week were 182 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 121\u2013272) before 32\u00a0weeks and 10.8 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 6.72\u201317.4) by 32\u201336\u00a0weeks. Preterm infants with necrotising enterocolitis had very high odds for rickets and so did <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> term\u2010born infants and those born to African\u2010born mothers. The odds for rickets among preterm infants increased considerably during the later years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rickets increased 10\u2010fold in Sweden from 1997 to 2014 and was mainly associated with prematurity, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> and foreign\u2010born mothers. Possible reasons may include increased preterm survival rates and improved clinical detection and registration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]],"date-time":"2019-05-03T16:11:29Z","timestamp":1556899889000},"page":"2034-2040","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Population\u2010based register study of children born in Sweden from 1997 to 2014 showed an increase in rickets during infancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2121-7511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulf","family":"H\u00f6gberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Winbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Region G\u00e4vleborg G\u00e4vle Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1355-5633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vineta","family":"Fellman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Pediatrics Lund University Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Children's Hospital University of Helsinki and Folkh\u00e4lsan Research Center Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Rickets. 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