{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:23:00Z","timestamp":1790724180113,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study analysed the comparative cost of feeding donor human milk to preterm infants compared to mother's own milk and formula.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A document and process analysis and a time measurement study were carried out at the milk bank of the Level 1 Perinatal Center of the University Hospital of Greifswald, Germany, from April to June 2017. The cost analysis data were provided by the University's financial department.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The total cost per year was \u20ac92\u00a0085.02 for 300 litres of donor human milk: 27% of this was material costs, 51% was personnel costs, and 22% was other overheads. The average cost per litre was \u20ac306.95, and staff time was 492\u00a0minutes per litre. The total marginal cost for each additional litre of donor human milk, formula or unpasteurised mother\u00b4s milk was \u20ac82.88, \u20ac10.28 and \u20ac38.42, respectively. Pasteurising a litre of donor milk cost \u20ac3.51.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Providing preterm infants with donor milk was much more expensive than using formula or mother's own milk, but the cost of pasteurisation was minimal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,9]],"date-time":"2019-11-09T06:18:19Z","timestamp":1573280299000},"page":"959-966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Cost analysis showed that feeding preterm infants with donor human milk was significantly more expensive than mother\u2019s milk or formula"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Josefine","family":"Fengler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Management Faculty of Law and Economics University of Greifswald Greifswald Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5260-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Heckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology &amp; Paediatric Intensive Care Ferdinand\u2010Sauerbruchstrasse University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology &amp; Paediatric Intensive Care Ferdinand\u2010Sauerbruchstrasse University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Flessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Management Faculty of Law and Economics University of Greifswald Greifswald Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.10.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2372"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.3.e38"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.10.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.9.1124"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-000834"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-3227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2016.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182a3af0a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"CD002971","article-title":"Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants","volume":"4","author":"Quigley M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10020238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2010.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7200533"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089033440101700212"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334409333425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307606"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"https:\/\/europeanmilkbanking.com\/country\/germany\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Hygienische Anforderungen an Muttermilch und Frauenmilchspenden (Hygienic requirements for maternal breast milk and donor\u2010expressed breast milk)","volume":"18","author":"Kramer A","year":"2013","journal-title":"Umweltmed Hyg Arbeitsmed"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"Handbuch f\u00fcr Organisationsuntersuchungen und Personalbedarfsermittlung.Bundesministerium des Inneren\/Bundesverwaltungsamt. (Handbook of organisational research and staffing assessment. Federal Ministry of the Inferior\/Federal Office of Administration) editor 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","unstructured":"Methodenlehre des Arbeitsstudiums Teil 2: Datenermittlung. (Association for labor studies. Methodology of work study part 2: Data acquisition.)REFA editor. 7th ed. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG 1992."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110525687","volume-title":"Systematisches Krankenhausmanagement. (Systemic hospital management.)","author":"Fle\u00dfa S","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"299","volume-title":"Einf\u00fchrung in die Allgemeine Betriebswirtschaftslehre. (Introduction to the general business administration.)","author":"W\u00f6he G","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Committee on Nutrition Section on Breastfeeding Committee on Fetus and Newborn.Donor human milk for the high\u2010risk infant: preparation safety and usage options in the United States.2017;139:e20163440.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3440"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334413491629"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2017.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000370058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.0183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2017.0057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334413489775"}],"container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apa.15087","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/apa.15087","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apa.15087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T22:25:00Z","timestamp":1694039100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/apa.15087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/apa.15087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apa.15087","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0803-5253","1651-2227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0803-5253","type":"print"},{"value":"1651-2227","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}