{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T19:26:21Z","timestamp":1771010781998,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,29]],"date-time":"2019-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence and risk factors of ear disease in Turner syndrome (TS), propose an algorithm for future surveillance and recommend preventative strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Review of TS patients seen in the West of Scotland between 1989 and 2015, with questionnaire follow\u2010up in 2015.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 168 girls, median age 27.3 (3.8\u201047.2) years, ear problems occurred more frequently with 45,X and 45,X\/46,XiXq than other karyotypes: 71\/103 (69%) versus 23\/65 (35%). Recurrent acute otitis media (AOM) first developed at 0\u20105\u00a0years in 23 (40%) girls, persisting in 16 (10%) at 5\u201010\u00a0years; and first developing at 5\u201010\u00a0years in 11 (7%). Persistent otitis media with effusion (OME) first developed at 0\u20105 and 5\u201010\u00a0years in 23 (40%) and 14 (8%) girls. Recurrent AOM was significantly linked with cholesteatoma in 8 (4.9%) girls (7 aged &gt;10\u00a0years). Permanent hearing loss was documented in 28 girls (16.7%), with 16 (9.5%) receiving hearing aids (bone\u2010anchored in 3).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute otitis media and OME occur commonly in preschool TS girls and may persist or newly develop in later childhood. Recurrent AOM predisposes to cholesteatoma. Strategies to reduce otological morbidity include: intensive patient education, annual audiology, vaccinations and a randomised trial of antibiotic prophylaxis in high\u2010risk groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]],"date-time":"2019-12-07T14:24:50Z","timestamp":1575728690000},"page":"2075-2083","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence, risk factors and management strategies for otological problems in girls with Turner syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3174-5051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Ashford and St. Peter's NHS Foundation Trust St. Peter's Hospital Chertsey UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Hassani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scotstown Medical Practice NHS Grampian Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Lupton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Queen Elizabeth University Hospital NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma Jane","family":"Gault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medical, Veterinary &amp; Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wynne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ear, Nose &amp; Throat Surgery Royal Hospital for Children Glasgow NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Clement","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ear, Nose &amp; Throat Surgery Royal Hospital for Children Glasgow NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3245-5117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haytham","family":"Kubba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ear, Nose &amp; Throat Surgery Royal Hospital for Children Glasgow NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avril","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Royal Hospital for Children Glasgow NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9563-8442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malcolm","family":"Donaldson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Child Health School of Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.035907"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(98)00113-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12622"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020400050068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2010.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(99)00162-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2013.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.06.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0430"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268813002744"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(97)00049-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941112000408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000080888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2008.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0490"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Down's Syndrome Medical Interest Group.Basic medical surveillance essentials for people with Down's syndrome. 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