{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T13:29:05Z","timestamp":1756992545144,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]],"date-time":"2020-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study determined the prenatal and postnatal risk factors for pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) in preterm infants born at up to 32\u00a0weeks of gestational age (GA) and their contribution to severe complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 179 preterm infants, who had undergone chest X\u2010rays during the first five days of life at Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany, between 2016 and 2017. Of these, 33 were retrospectively classified as PIE and 146 as non\u2010PIE. The PIE cases were also matched with 33 non\u2010PIE cases by GA and gender. Risk factors were identified by univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previously known risk factors for pulmonary interstitial emphysema were confirmed, including GA and birthweight and the associations with adverse outcomes like intraventricular haemorrhage and mortality. We identified preeclampsia and haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome as additional risk factors for PIE (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.027), and lung impairment was associated with respiratory distress syndrome (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001), higher maximum inspired oxygen (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.014) and needing surfactant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.006).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome were identified as possible additional risk factors for PIE in preterm infants. These conditions should be included in future studies, to identify preterm infants at risk of PIE straight after birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T14:35:15Z","timestamp":1588689315000},"page":"134-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Preeclampsia was a risk factor for pulmonary interstitial emphysema in preterm infants born \u226432\u00a0weeks of gestational age"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4307-8759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Behnke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics &amp; Neonatology Justus Liebig University and Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center Giessen Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Lung Research Giessen 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Marburg Lung Center Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Waitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics &amp; Neonatology Justus Liebig University and Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Ehrhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics &amp; Neonatology Justus Liebig University and Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center Giessen Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Lung Research Giessen 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