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Cholestasis was defined as conjugated bilirubin \u226530\u00a0\u03bcmol\/L exceeding 20% of total level at least twice and graded as high if exceeding 100\u00a0\u03bcmol\/L. Cholestatic cases were matched on gestational week with two non\u2010cholestatic controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence rate of cholestasis was 37\/250 (14.8%), with increasing rates in lower gestational weeks. Perinatal factors associated with cholestasis were pre\u2010eclampsia and being born small for gestational age. Cholestatic infants had three times more bronchopulmonary dysplasia and eight times more retinopathy of prematurity. The mortality was 13.5% in cholestatic infants versus 2.7% in controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.040). All deceased cholestatic infants had high\u2010grade cholestasis. No surviving infants developed chronic liver disease by 10\u00a0years of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cholestasis was common in very preterm infants and linked to disease severity and adverse outcome. Cholestasis may be an independent risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity and more severe cholestasis associated with increased mortality. Cholestasis was not associated with chronic liver disease later in childhood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T07:35:00Z","timestamp":1591860900000},"page":"141-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cholestasis after very preterm birth was associated with adverse neonatal outcomes but no significant long\u2010term liver disease: A population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4351-9665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC) Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics S\u00f6dert\u00e4lje Hospital  S\u00f6dert\u00e4lje Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3368-4149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kajsa","family":"Bohlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC) Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antal","family":"Nemeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC) Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8838-324X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Fischler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics Department of Clinical Science, 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