{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:19:45Z","timestamp":1790882385001,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FDN 143233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FDN 143233"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infants born preterm or low birth weight are at risk for morbidity, mortality and later neuroimpairment. Appropriate early post\u2010natal growth is associated with better outcomes in\u2010hospital and post\u2010discharge. Therefore, nutritional strategies that support growth may improve the long\u2010term health of this population. Mother's milk with donor milk as a supplement are preferred sources of nutrition for these infants but may not always support growth, especially amongst infants born of very low birth weight (&lt;1500\u00a0g) and or those with a major morbidity. Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials to date demonstrate that multi\u2010nutrient fortification of human milk improves in\u2010hospital growth of preterm infants although data on long\u2010term neurodevelopment are lacking. Further, individualised approaches to fortification based on milk analysis or the infant's metabolic response may improve growth over standard fortification. The evidence is insufficient to inform the timing of introducing fortifier, routine fortification of feeds post\u2010discharge or routine use of fortifiers made from human instead of bovine milk. Importantly, there is insufficient data to determine if these fortification practices improve relevant clinical or neurodevelopmental outcomes. In sum, there is an urgent need for well\u2010designed clinical trials to assess potential benefits and risks of fortification practices and at what cost.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T13:53:58Z","timestamp":1644501238000},"page":"1115-1120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["State of the evidence from clinical trials on human milk fortification for preterm infants*"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2690-1785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan R.","family":"Beggs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Program The Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Bando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine 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