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Nasopharyngeal swab samples were analysed with multiplex polymerase chain reaction for 16 viruses and 7 respiratory bacteria. Parents filled out a questionnaire regarding child's and parents' absence from day care, school, or work at the time of the visit and 14\u2009days afterward.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The length of the children's absence from day care or school, or parental absence from work, did not significantly differ between the detected viral pathogens. Co\u2010detection of any respiratory virus and <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:italic> in the nasopharynx were associated with a 2.5\u2010day (95% CI of the difference: 0.71 to 4.3) and 3.0\u2010day (95% CI: 0.35 to 5.7) longer parental absence from work, respectively, compared with the detection of viruses alone when adjusted for age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nasopharyngeal detection of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>H.\u00a0influenzae<\/jats:italic> was associated with an increase in the length of parental absence from work when compared with the detection of virus 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