{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:41:21Z","timestamp":1747183281837,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008413","name":"Instrumentariumin Tiedes\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["200066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["200066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008413","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the definition and causes of neonatal bradycardias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included 135 term\u2010born newborns referred for 24\u2010hour Holter monitoring due to bradycardia. Bradycardia was defined as either a heart rate below 80 beats per minute (standard definition) or a heart rate below our recently published age\u2010specific reference values for neonatal heart rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean (SD) age was 6.1 (1.3) days. With standard definition, 107 newborns (79%) had bradycardia, whereas only 20 (15%) had a minimum heart rate lower than the age\u2010specific reference. Younger newborns had lower heart rates. Each day increased the minimum, mean and maximum heart rate by 1.8 (95% CI: 1.0, 2.6), 4.2 (95% CI: 3.0, 5.3) and 2.1 beats per minute (95% CI: 0.3, 3.8), respectively. Male sex and maternal levothyroxine medication were negatively associated with the mean and maximum heart rate. None of the newborns had a cardiac cause for low heart rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among term newborns with bradycardias, younger age, male sex and maternal levothyroxine medication were associated with a lower heart rate on Holter monitoring. Given the age\u2010related increase in heart rate, the 80 beats per minute limit as a universal threshold for abnormal heart rate in newborns appears inappropriate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.17140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T11:43:17Z","timestamp":1706874197000},"page":"973-979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Heart rate in newborns is associated with age, sex and maternal levothyroxine therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6620-360X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asta","family":"Uusitalo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Tampere University Hospital  Tampere Finland"},{"name":"Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4706-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antti","family":"Tikkakoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Tampere University Hospital  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6613-8737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pieta","family":"Lehtinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Tampere University Hospital  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2189-1020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaisa","family":"Yl\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Tampere University Hospital  Tampere Finland"},{"name":"Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal 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