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Studies with children under 18\u2009years of age with neonatal cholestasis and a brain scan at the time of diagnosis or later in life were included. Excluded studies were non\u2010English, non\u2010human, reviews or conference abstracts. Data were extracted on demographics, brain imaging findings, treatment and outcome. The results were summarised by disease categories. Risk of bias was assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The search yielded 12\u2009011 reports, of which 1261 underwent full text review and 89 were eligible for inclusion. Haemorrhage was the most common finding, especially in children with bile duct obstruction, including biliary atresia. Some findings were resolved after liver transplantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with neonatal cholestasis had changes in brain imaging, which might play a role in impaired neuropsychological development, but longitudinal clinical research with structured assessment is needed to better qualify the aetiology of the impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.17177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T10:09:18Z","timestamp":1708942158000},"page":"1168-1185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Brain imaging in children with neonatal cholestatic liver disease: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3763-8839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thora 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