{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T20:54:00Z","timestamp":1788900840571,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,3]],"date-time":"2024-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study determined the neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely preterm infants at 2\u2009years of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All live\u2010born infants 23\u201327\u2009weeks of gestation born between 2011 and 2020 in Austria were included in a prospective registry. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 2\u2009years of corrected age was assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant Development for both motor and cognitive scores, along with a neurological examination and an assessment of neurosensory function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>2378 out of 2905 (81.9%) live\u2010born infants survived to 2\u2009years of corrected age. Follow\u2010up data were available for 1488 children (62.6%). Overall, 43.0% had no, 35.0% mild and 22.0% moderate\u2010to\u2010severe impairment. The percentage of children with moderate\u2010to\u2010severe neurodevelopmental impairment decreased with increasing gestational age and was 31.4%, 30.5%, 23.3%, 19.0% and 16.5% at 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27\u2009weeks gestational age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Results did not change over the 10\u2010year period. In multivariate analysis, neonatal complications as well as male sex were significantly associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort study, a 22.0% rate of moderate\u2010to\u2010severe neurodevelopmental impairment was observed among children born extremely preterm. This national data is important for both counselling parents and guiding the allocation of health resources.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.17187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T04:13:16Z","timestamp":1709525596000},"page":"1278-1287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Two\u2010year neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm\u2010born children: The Austrian Preterm Outcome Study Group"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0433-6196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula","family":"Kiechl\u2010Kohlendorfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics II (Neonatology) Medical University Innsbruck  Innsbruck 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