{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T06:58:53Z","timestamp":1785826733834,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,3]],"date-time":"2024-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>We review methods and outcomes of a novel parenting intervention, Family Nurture Intervention (FNI), that promotes early mother\u2013infant autonomic co\u2010regulation and emotional connection in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>FNI involves individualised mother\u2013infant calming sessions combined with maternal emotional expression. Two parallel group randomised controlled trials have evaluated FNI. The first,\u00a0recruited 150 preterm newborns (26\u201334\u2009weeks GA) and their mothers, randomised into two groups: FNI (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200978) and Standard Care (SC) only (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200972). Dyadic, infant and maternal outcomes were assessed at discharge, 18\u2010months and 4\u20135\u2009years corrected age. The second,recruited 135 infants from two level 4 NICUs (FNI <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200966, SC <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200969) with similar outcomes assessed at discharge\/term equivalent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relative to SC, FNI infants showed improved development and relational health through 5\u2009years. At term age, FNI infants had better autonomic regulation and more mature brain activity and cortical connectivity on EEG. FNI mothers also reported fewer anxiety and depression symptoms post\u2010discharge. At 18\u2010month, FNI infants obtained higher cognitive and language scores, and lower attention and social behaviour scores than SC infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>FNI improves the early life development and relational health of high\u2010risk preterm infants. Further research is important to assess its efficacy in other high\u2010risk populations and contexts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.17456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T04:55:11Z","timestamp":1730696111000},"page":"760-771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Family Nurture Intervention and mother\u2013preterm infant autonomic emotional connection in the neonatal intensive care unit: A review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Lianne J.","family":"Woodward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences University of Canterbury  Christchurch Canterbury New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Health Sciences Center  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8590-1355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martha G.","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Attachment and Loss: Vol.I. 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