{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:43:21Z","timestamp":1790289801318,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to study the prevalence of hypothermia among neonates, the association between admission temperature and neonatal mortality, and the impact of radiant warmers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In an observational prospective study, we included 1988 neonates born at Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania, and admitted to the neonatal unit from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2022. We explored risk factors for hypothermia (&lt;36.0\u00b0C, primary outcome) and newborn mortality by admission temperature (secondary outcome) with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for birth weight and bag and mask ventilation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Hypothermia was present in 47.0% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009935) at admission, 46.9% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009932) were normothermic or mildly hypothermic (36.0\u201337.5\u00b0C), and 6.1% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009121) hyperthermic. Of those admitted to the neonatal unit, 217 (10.9%) died. For every 1\u00b0C increase in temperature, neonatal mortality decreased by 31% (aOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.59\u20130.82). Admission temperature &lt;34.5\u00b0C was strongly associated with mortality (aOR 3.56, 1.87\u20136.79). Mild hypothermia (36.0\u201336.5\u00b0C) was not associated with mortality (aOR 1.30, 0.72\u20132.37). Risk factors for hypothermia were bag and mask ventilation (aOR 2.53, 2.07\u20133.11) and low birth weight. The introduction of radiant warmers from 1 May 2022 was associated with a decrease in hypothermia (aOR 0.54, 0.41\u20130.72).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypothermia is prevalent even in tropical settings and maintaining normothermia after birth is critical and achievable for reducing neonatal mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.17499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T05:54:14Z","timestamp":1731650054000},"page":"877-885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hypothermia\u2014Prevalence and risk factors in neonates admitted to a neonatal unit in Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Hanne Gaup","family":"Braa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3082-6424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth Asta","family":"Mathisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Moshiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muhimbili National Hospital  Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vickfarajaeli X.","family":"Daudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haydom Lutheran Hospital  Manyara Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fortunata","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haydom Lutheran Hospital  Manyara Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esto","family":"Mduma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haydom Global Research Centre  Manyara Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hege","family":"Ersdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stavanger University Hospital  Stavanger Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7826-8646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ketil","family":"St\u00f8rdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Research Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Newborn Morality.2022Accessed January 15 2024.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/levels\u2010and\u2010trends\u2010in\u2010child\u2010mortality\u2010report\u20102021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","article-title":"Data neonatal mortality rate (per 1000 live births)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023","journal-title":"Datadot"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2018.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-24"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Maternal and Newborn Health\/Safe Motherhood. Thermal Protection of the Newborn: a practical guide.1997https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/63986\/WHO?sequence=1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","article-title":"Interventions to prevent hypothermia at birth in preterm and\/or low birth weight infants","volume":"2018","author":"McCall EM","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.22.5.876"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-8-27"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0222935"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285828"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.0277"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2010.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202641"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children10020255"}],"container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apa.17499","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/apa.17499","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apa.17499","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:28:46Z","timestamp":1785436126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/apa.17499"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/apa.17499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apa.17499","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0803-5253","1651-2227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0803-5253","type":"print"},{"value":"1651-2227","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}