{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T11:08:51Z","timestamp":1791544131907,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the significant decline in exclusive breastfeeding rates in the Republic of Korea, this study aimed to estimate the causal effect of immediate skin\u2010to\u2010skin contact on exclusive breastfeeding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were analysed from the Korean Early Childhood Education &amp; Care Panel, targeting mothers expected to give birth in 2022 in the Republic of Korea. Instrumental variable analysis was performed using the mode of delivery, categorised as vaginal delivery and emergency caesarean section, as the instrument. Statistical estimation was performed using the two\u2010stage least squares method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mothers who engaged in immediate skin\u2010to\u2010skin contact were 36.3% more likely to exclusively breastfeed at 1\u2009month postpartum, and 26.9% and 26.2% more likely at 2 and 3\u2009months, respectively, compared to those who did not. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings. Notably, the effect of immediate skin\u2010to\u2010skin contact on exclusive breastfeeding at 1\u2009month remained statistically significant, despite considerable deviations from the exclusion restriction assumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immediate skin\u2010to\u2010skin contact positively influences exclusive breastfeeding rates up to 3\u2009months postpartum. These findings are particularly relevant for healthcare settings where immediate SSC is not routine, highlighting the importance of targeted training and policy interventions to promote SSC and improve breastfeeding outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T05:33:31Z","timestamp":1747028011000},"page":"2367-2372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effect of Immediate Skin\u2010to\u2010Skin Contact on Exclusive Breastfeeding: An Instrumental Variable Approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2369-2323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongnam","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Education Research Institute Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Learning Sciences Research Institute Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4040\/jkan.23098"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-018-2769-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239446"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40748-018-0097-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2013.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.07.020505"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12492"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2002.tb02824.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651\u20102227.2009.01597.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-018-0174-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume-title":"Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data","author":"Wooldridge J. 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