{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T05:35:59Z","timestamp":1775021759938,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To validate a prototype point\u2010of\u2010care (POC) test for the lecithin\/sphingomyelin (L\/S) ratio by identifying the optimal L\/S cut\u2010off for predicting surfactant need in preterm infants &lt;\u200930\u2009weeks' gestation using gastric aspirates (GAS) sampled at birth and to assess clinical feasibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GAS was sampled within 45\u2009min of birth and analysed using the only available prototype POC L\/S test. The primary outcome was the optimal L\/S cut\u2010off and diagnostic accuracy in predicting rescue surfactant treatment per European RDS guidelines, assessed by receiver operating characteristics. L\/S results were blinded to clinicians. Due to a dispute between clinical investigators and patent holders, legal restrictions prohibit reporting of the primary outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 93 eligible infants, 25 were not included: Six cases (6%) had no GAS available, 12 infants (13%) received surfactant before sampling and 7 (8%) other reasons. Of 68 included, 42 (62%) received surfactant, and 40% were treated within 2\u2009h of life (median: 147\u2009min [IQR: 89; 327]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to validate a POC L\/S test but are legally restricted from disclosing results. Clinical applicability seems limited, as a substantial proportion of infants had no GAS available or required surfactant before sampling. The potential to accelerate treatment appears limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T05:36:16Z","timestamp":1746855376000},"page":"2535-2542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Predicting Surfactant Need at Birth: Failed Validation of a Bedside Method Using Gastric Aspirates"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5690-3725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Heiring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0331-1384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Porntiva","family":"Poorisrisak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niklas","family":"Breindahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4440-2362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gitte","family":"Zachariassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research University of Southern  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria\u2010Christina","family":"Eckardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Cathrine","family":"Viuff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Agergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Neonatology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Aunsholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tine","family":"Brink Henriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Neonatology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Perinatal Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.10244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000528914"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","article-title":"Prophylactic Versus Selective Use of Surfactant in Preventing Morbidity and Mortality in Preterm Infants","volume":"3","author":"Rojas\u2010Reyes M. X.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database SystRev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001456.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild\u20102022\u2010325061"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","article-title":"Non\u2010Invasive Ventilation and Exogenous Surfactant in Times of Ever Decreasing Gestational Age: How Do we Make the Most of These Tools?","volume":"56","author":"Wright C. J.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13683"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14896"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-315413"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90342-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"Diagnostics S \u201cSIME AI Device that Predicts Acute Respiratory Disease Receives CE Mark \u2013 Changing the Standard of Care for Millions of Babies Worldwide \u201daccessed November 16 2024 https:\/\/www.prnewswire.co.uk\/news\u2010releases\/sime\u2010ai\u2010device\u2010that\u2010predicts\u2010acute\u2010respiratory\u2010disease\u2010receives\u2010ce\u2010mark\u2010\u2010\u2010changing\u2010the\u2010standard\u2010of\u2010care\u2010for\u2010millions\u2010of\u2010babies\u2010worldwide\u2010301675729.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"Diagnostics S \u201cSIME Begins Clinical Trial Validating Point\u2010of\u2010Care Device that Rapidly Predicts Neonatal Respiratory Disease at Birth in the NICU \u201daccessed June 1 2024 https:\/\/www.prnewswire.co.uk\/news\u2010releases\/sime\u2010begins\u2010clinical\u2010trial\u2010validating\u2010point\u2010of\u2010care\u2010device\u2010that\u2010rapidly\u2010predicts\u2010neonatal\u2010respiratory\u2010disease\u2010at\u2010birth\u2010in\u2010the\u2010nicu\u2010301739196.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","volume-title":"The Lung and Its Disorders in the Newborn Infant. Volume I in the Series: Major Problems in Clinical Pediatrics","author":"Avery M.","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-9380(87)90031-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80282-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.2011060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h5527"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102097"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","article-title":"Thresholds for Surfactant Use in Preterm Neonates: A Network Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"20","author":"Branagan A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2021-322890"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-023-01690-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxaa116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDoa2300183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.21892"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3985"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000540078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.25810"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07603-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26337"}],"container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apa.70128","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T07:38:20Z","timestamp":1766389100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/apa.70128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/apa.70128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apa.70128","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0803-5253","1651-2227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0803-5253","type":"print"},{"value":"1651-2227","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}