{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:08:27Z","timestamp":1790611707201,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post\u2010infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is a rare but severe chronic paediatric obstructive lung disease, characterised by the obliteration of small airways following severe lower respiratory tract infections. Epidemiological data in Europe remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicentre retrospective study examined the characteristics of paediatric patients diagnosed with PIBO from 2017 to 2023. Carried out by the French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases network, it was based on clinical and radiological criteria and included age at diagnosis, medical history, symptoms, initial triggers, treatment, and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study comprised 147 patients (58.5% male) diagnosed by 18 tertiary centres at a median age of 22\u2009months. Most (83.7%) were hospitalised for the suspected initial infection: 36.7% in intensive care units and 47.0% in acute care wards. A younger age at diagnosis was associated with higher hospitalisation rates (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). Microbiological triggers were identified in 66.0%, mostly adenoviruses (28.5%) and the respiratory syncytial virus (26.4%), often as co\u2010infections. Lung function tests were performed on 23.1% of patients and bronchoscopies on 66.9%. Treatment included inhaled corticosteroids (90.5%), azithromycin (59.2%) and intravenous corticosteroid pulses (40.8%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age and causative agents were key factors in the initial severity of the infection that led to paediatric PIBO in our study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T09:20:28Z","timestamp":1750670428000},"page":"2900-2908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Younger Age and Viral Triggers Were Associated With Post\u2010Infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans in French Children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8257-7107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Mazenq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"APHM\u2014Paediatric Pulmonology Department, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN Aix\u2010Marseille University  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marine","family":"Crebassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"APHM\u2014Paediatric Pulmonology Department, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN Aix\u2010Marseille University  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7451-9890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Hadchouel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"AP\u2010HP, H\u00f4pital universitaire Necker\u2010Enfants Malades, service de pneumologie p\u00e9diatrique Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souad","family":"Ghattas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"AP\u2010HP, H\u00f4pital universitaire Necker\u2010Enfants Malades, service de pneumologie p\u00e9diatrique Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Reix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"Paediatric Pulmonology Department UMR CNRS 5558, Equipe EMET, University Hospital  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurianne","family":"Coutier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"Paediatric Pulmonology Department UMR CNRS 5558, Equipe EMET, University Hospital  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Marguet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Inserm U1311 Dynamycure, FHU RESPIRE, Rouen\u2014Univ Rouen Normandie, University Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Nathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"Paediatric Pulmonology Department AP\u2010HP, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne University  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Giovannini\u2010Chami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"Paediatric Pulmonology Department University Hospital Lenval  Nice France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Thumerelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Reference Centre of Rare Lung Diseases (RespiRare)  Paris France"},{"name":"Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Department H\u00f4pital Jeanne de Flandre, Univ. 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