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Despite the critical role in skeletal development, no studies have examined insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 (IGF\u20101) and insulin\u2010like growth factor binding protein\u2010 3 (IGFBP\u20103), and their association with BMD in children with CP when adjusted for bone age. This study assesses the relationship between IGF\u20101 and IGFBP\u20103 and BMD in children with CP while accounting for bone age adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional study, 81 children with CP GMFCS I\u2013V, aged 2\u201317\u2009years (55.6% males), underwent clinical examination, DXA scan, blood sampling and bone age assessment. Regression analysis assessed associations between IGF\u20101, IGFBP\u20103 and BMD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Bone age was 0.64\u2009years lower than chronological age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Adjusted for bone age, BMD showed a positive association with IGF\u20101 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and IGFBP\u20103 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). BMD\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score negatively associated with CP severity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and CP severity was negatively associated with IGF\u20101 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.5) and IGFBP\u20103 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with CP had lower bone age than chronological age. BMD was positively associated with IGF\u20101 and IGFBP\u20103 adjusted for bone age. These findings are useful in growth hormone and osteoporosis treatment, such as Zoledronate, in CP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T14:25:50Z","timestamp":1767795950000},"page":"832-840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Growth Factors and Bone Age on\n                    <scp>BMD<\/scp>\n                    in Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0614-0114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne Lindblad","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Herlev  Herlev Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2532-9411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reem","family":"Zaabalawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Herlev  Herlev Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nanette Mol","family":"Debes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Herlev  Herlev Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina Engel","family":"Hoei\u2010Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2772-2567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesper","family":"Johannesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Herlev  Herlev Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen  Herlev Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2000.tb00695.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07414.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S12312"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162204000672"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07415.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S381343"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.091007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(03)00096-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70340-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-021-2303-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2009.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2020.25.1.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408390903502872"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101755"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2010.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-200210000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2015.1055376"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mop.0000138679.70932.90"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Bone Tissue and Physical Activity","volume":"15","author":"Bailey D. 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