{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T16:14:56Z","timestamp":1778084096978,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preterm birth (PTB), delivery before 37 completed weeks of gestation, remains a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Evidence from conflict\u2010affected, resource\u2010limited settings such as the West Bank, Palestine, is limited. This study aimed to estimate PTB incidence and identify maternal, neonatal and socioeconomic risk factors using hospital\u2010based data from government facilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study utilised the Avicenna Health Information System across three major governmental hospitals in the West Bank. All live births at \u2265\u200924\u2009weeks' gestation between January 2023 and May 2024 were included. Descriptive statistics, chi\u2010square tests and multivariable logistic regression were applied to assess PTB\u2010associated factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 18,760 live births, 1427 (7.6%) were preterm, mostly moderate to late preterm (7.0%). Higher PTB risk was observed among mothers aged &lt;\u200920\u2009years (aOR 1.53) or\u2009\u2265\u200935\u2009years (aOR 1.32), male infants (aOR 1.16) and multiple pregnancies (twins aOR 4.98; triplets aOR 17.28). The Ramallah district had the highest PTB rate (aOR 2.35), likely reflecting referral to tertiary care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PTB incidence was lower than previous national estimates but may underestimate community rates. Findings highlight key determinants and emphasise the need for improved data systems and population\u2010based perinatal surveillance in Palestine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T14:21:15Z","timestamp":1765894875000},"page":"894-901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preterm Birth in the West Bank, Palestine: Insights From a Hospital\u2010Based Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Amani Salem Ahmad","family":"Salim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Al\u2010Quds University  Jerusalem Palestine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa\u2010Lena","family":"Bratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Paediatric Heart Centre Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6861-0743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kawther","family":"Elissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Professions Al\u2010Quds University  Jerusalem Palestine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","volume-title":"WHO Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","volume-title":"Born Too Soon: Decade of Action on Preterm Birth","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","volume-title":"Number of Registered Live Births in Palestine by Region and Governorate, 2023","author":"Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","volume-title":"Humanitarian Situation Update #262, West Bank","author":"United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs\u2013occupied Palestinian territory","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","volume-title":"Between Siege and Survival: The Unheard Struggles of Mothers in the West Bank","author":"United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)\u2013occupied Palestinian territory","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","volume-title":"Annual Health Report 2023","author":"Ministry of Health (Palestine)","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","volume-title":"Palestinian Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (PMICS) 2019\u20132020","author":"Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","volume-title":"Sustainable Development Goal 3: Good Health and Well\u2010Being\u2013Progress","author":"United Nations in Palestine","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000437385.88715.4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605231203843"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(23)00878\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","unstructured":"Save the Children \u201cBorn into War: About 15\u2009000 Babies are Expected to be Born into Crisis in Gaza by the End of 2023 Relief Web \u201d(2023) https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/occupied\u2010palestinian\u2010territory\/born\u2010war\u2010about\u201015000\u2010babies\u2010expected\u2010be\u2010born\u2010crisis\u2010gaza\u2010end\u20102023."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","volume-title":"Health conditions in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307207"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frhs.2024.1458096"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","first-page":"1470","article-title":"Maternal Age and Risk of Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review","volume":"120","author":"Kozuki N.","year":"2013","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884\u2010019\u20102370\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","volume-title":"WHO Recommendations on Antenatal Care for a Positive Pregnancy Experience","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_15_20_1","first-page":"623","article-title":"Working Conditions and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"95","author":"Mozurkewich E. 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