{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T12:03:17Z","timestamp":1781092997299,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Optimal treatment strategies for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and their impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes remain controversial. This study investigates the influence of PDA duration on neurodevelopment under a restrictive treatment approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective single\u2010center study of 171 preterm infants \u2264\u200932\u2009weeks gestation with echocardiographically\u2010identified PDA (treated hemodynamically significant PDA\u2014hsPDA, untreated PDA\u2014ntPDA) or no PDA. Assessments included cerebral MRI at term\u2010equivalent age, General Movement Assessment at 8\u201316\u2009weeks and Bayley Scales of Infant Development III at 22\u201326\u2009months corrected age. Infants with severe IVH\u2009\u2265\u2009III\u00b0 were excluded a priori to isolate PDA effects without major brain injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The hsPDA group represented infants with lower gestational age and birth weight, higher rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and longer hospitalization (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Transcerebellar diameter differed significantly between groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). PDA duration showed a statistical association with MRI\u2010detected IVH\u2009\u2264\u2009II\u00b0 in the hsPDA subgroup (OR 1.01 per day,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05). Multivariate analysis did not confirm any significant impact of PDA group or duration on neurodevelopmental outcomes after adjusting for confounders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gestational age and comorbidities, rather than longer PDA duration, determined neurodevelopmental outcomes in our cohort of very preterm infants without severe brain injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T11:50:07Z","timestamp":1774007407000},"page":"1461-1466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patent Ductus Arteriosus Persistence and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Restrictive Treatment Approach Does Not Compromise Neurological Development"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Moses","family":"Kallenberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care, Pediatric Infectiology and Pediatric Neurology University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Bartling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care, Pediatric Infectiology and Pediatric Neurology University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6815-5573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Britta","family":"H\u00fcning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care, Pediatric Infectiology and Pediatric Neurology University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Centre for Translational Neuro\u2010 and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, C\u2010TNBS University of Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monia Vanessa","family":"Dewan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care, Pediatric Infectiology and Pediatric Neurology University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Centre for Translational Neuro\u2010 and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, C\u2010TNBS University of Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Bialas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care, Pediatric Infectiology and Pediatric Neurology University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Centre for Translational Neuro\u2010 and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, C\u2010TNBS University of Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Middendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care, Pediatric Infectiology and Pediatric Neurology University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Kathrin","family":"Dathe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care, Pediatric Infectiology and Pediatric Neurology University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Centre for Translational Neuro\u2010 and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, C\u2010TNBS University of Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Health and Nursing, Occupational Therapy Ernst\u2010Abbe\u2010University of Applied Sciences Jena  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Felderhoff\u2010M\u00fcser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care, Pediatric Infectiology and Pediatric Neurology University 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