{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T17:41:17Z","timestamp":1786470077734,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Doxapram is used as an additional therapy for apnea of prematurity when standard treatments such as caffeine or continuous positive airway pressure are insufficient, but its impact on long\u2010term neurodevelopment remains uncertain. This study evaluated the association between Doxapram exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI), with a focus on potential dose\u2010dependent effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this monocentric retrospective cohort study, VLBWI with gestational age\u2009\u2264\u200932\u2009weeks were included. Infants treated with Doxapram (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009140) were compared to untreated controls (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009280) matched by year of birth. Exposure was stratified by cumulative dose. The primary outcome was neurodevelopment at 24\u2009months corrected age assessed by the mental development index or global development quotient (MDI\/GDQ). Secondary outcomes included mortality, growth parameters and neurological outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for confounders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Neurodevelopment did not differ between groups (MDI\/GDQ: 94.2\u2009\u00b1\u200921.2 vs. 97.7\u2009\u00b1\u200914.8;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.1), nor did mortality (5.0% vs. 6.8%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.53). No dose\u2010dependent associations were observed. Secondary outcomes were comparable.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Doxapram exposure was not associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in VLBWI within the investigated dosage range, although definitive conclusions on drug safety cannot be drawn from medium\u2010sized cohorts and confirmation in prospective randomised studies is required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T14:44:22Z","timestamp":1779115462000},"page":"1982-1990","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Doxapram Exposure Was Not Associated With Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: A Monocentric Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0762-2420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9227-7938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandros","family":"Rahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3624-6251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabine","family":"Pirr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5224-6941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinna","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1879-3347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolin","family":"B\u00f6hne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9113-891X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina","family":"Bohnhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology Hannover Medical School  Hannover 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