{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T16:10:17Z","timestamp":1788883817227,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The COVID\u201019 pandemic was associated with a marked decline in respiratory infections and asthma exacerbations in children. Following the easing of restrictions, a rebound in respiratory morbidity was observed. However, the long\u2010term impact on paediatric asthma remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study using data from the largest healthcare provider in Israel. Children aged 2\u201318\u2009years with recurrent wheezing or clinician\u2010diagnosed asthma were included. Healthcare utilisation between January 2019 and July 2023 was analysed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 209\u2009954 children, mean age 6.8\u2009years (56.9% male), were included. During winter 2020\u20132021, compared with winter 2019\u20132020, healthcare utilisation declined significantly for chest radiographs (CXR) (RR\u2009=\u20090.69), asthma medication dispensing (RR\u2009=\u20090.67), and emergency department (ED) visits (RR\u2009=\u20090.61). After restrictions were lifted, all outcomes rose sharply, peaking in summer 2021. By winter 2022\u20132023, rates of CXR (RR\u2009=\u20091.30), asthma medication dispensing (RR\u2009=\u20091.03), ED visits (RR\u2009=\u20091.04), and hospitalisations (RR\u2009=\u20091.30) remained significantly higher than pre\u2010pandemic levels across all age groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Paediatric respiratory\u2010related healthcare utilisation exceeded pre\u2010pandemic levels during the first and second post\u2010pandemic winters. These findings highlight the unpredictable, long\u2010lasting, and indirect consequences of pandemic\u2010era interventions on respiratory health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T05:58:27Z","timestamp":1782194307000},"page":"2278-2285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Paediatric Healthcare Utilisation Trends From the Pre\u2010Pandemic Period Through Two Years Post\u2013\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019: Evidence From a Nationwide Big\u2010Data Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Einat","family":"Shmueli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology Institute Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petah Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elite","family":"Gutman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology Institute Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petah Tikva Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Data Center &amp; Analytics Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petah Tikva Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Sagiv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Data Center &amp; Analytics Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petah Tikva Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noam","family":"Wygoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Data Center &amp; Analytics Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petah Tikva 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