{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T12:01:18Z","timestamp":1784635278946,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005744","name":"Lastentautien Tutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005744","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) is widely used to assess neonatal infection, although mild, unexplained elevations are common in healthy newborns. We examined relationships between non\u2010infectious CRP levels and neonatal factors, and early gut microbiota composition in term infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was conducted within the prospective Finnish HELMi birth cohort. We included 105 full\u2010term infants with plasma CRP levels measured during the first four postnatal days. Perinatal data were retrieved from medical records. Faecal samples collected at 3\u2009weeks underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Initial CRP level was elevated (\u2265\u20093\u2009mg\/L) in 57% of infants, with no diagnosis of an infection. CRP levels were not associated with maternal group B Streptococcus status, intrapartum antibiotics, early neonatal complications or delivery mode, except for higher levels on day three after spontaneous versus induced vaginal delivery. Gut microbiota composition at 3\u2009weeks differed according to CRP status, with family\n                      <jats:italic>Acidaminococcaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      being less prevalent when CRP was elevated. Birth mode, antibiotic exposure and umbilical artery pH in the asphyxia range (\u2264\u20097.1) were associated with distinct microbial profiles.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mild CRP elevations in term newborns were associated with differences in early gut microbiota composition but poorly explained by perinatal clinical factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.70693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T11:04:31Z","timestamp":1784631871000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Elevated C\u2010Reactive Protein in Term Newborns With Neonatal Factors and Gut Microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Susanna","family":"Gardemeister","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital University of Helsinki and HUS  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aki","family":"Saarikivi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital University of Helsinki and HUS  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuli","family":"Rautava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital University of Helsinki and HUS  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jani","family":"M\u00e4lk\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital University of Helsinki and HUS  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0273-3166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willem M.","family":"de Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University  Wageningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katri","family":"Korpela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9170-8415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaija\u2010Leena","family":"Kolho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital University of Helsinki and HUS  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2236-1","article-title":"The Combination of Procalcitonin and C\u2010Reactive Protein or Presepsin Alone Improves the Accuracy of Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis: A Meta\u2010Analysis and Systematic Review","volume":"22","author":"Ruan L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Critical Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.12.007","article-title":"Diagnostic Performance and Patient Outcomes With C\u2010Reactive Protein Use in Early\u2010Onset Sepsis Evaluations","volume":"256","author":"Dhudasia M. 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