{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:55:53Z","timestamp":1791618953492,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]],"date-time":"2012-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n \n It is well known that various stimuli, such as mechanical stress and nutrients, induce muscle hypertrophy thorough the\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n kt\/m\n TOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n signalling pathway, which is a key mediator of protein synthesis and hypertrophy in skeletal muscle. It was recently reported that heat stress also induces an increase in muscle weight and muscle protein content. In addition, heat stress enhances\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n kt\/m\n TOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n signalling after one bout of resistance exercise. However, it remains unclear whether increased temperature itself stimulates the\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n kt\/m\n TOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n signalling pathway.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Forty\u2010two male\n W<\/jats:styled-content>\n istar rats (279.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0g) were divided into a control group (\n CON<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) or one of five thermal stress groups at 37, 38, 39, 40 or 41\u00a0\u00b0C (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a07 each group). After overnight fasting, both legs were immersed in different temperatures of hot water for 30\u00a0min under sodium pentobarbital anaesthesia. The soleus and plantaris muscles were immediately removed from both legs after the thermal stress.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The phosphorylation of m\n TOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n or 4\n E<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n BP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1 and heat shock protein (\n HSP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) expression levels were similar among groups in both the soleus and plantaris muscles. However,\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n kt and p70\n S<\/jats:styled-content>\n 6\n K<\/jats:styled-content>\n phosphorylation significantly increased at 41\u00a0\u00b0C in the soleus and plantaris muscles. Moreover, we observed a temperature\u2010dependent increase in\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n kt and p70\n S<\/jats:styled-content>\n 6\n K<\/jats:styled-content>\n phosphorylation in both muscles.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Our data indicate that the altered temperature increased phosphorylation in a temperature\u2010dependent manner in rat skeletal muscle and may itself be a key stimulator of\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n kt\/m\n TOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n signalling.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]],"date-time":"2012-11-21T07:17:03Z","timestamp":1353482223000},"page":"416-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Heat stress activates the\n A<\/scp>\n kt\/m\n TOR<\/scp>\n signalling pathway in rat skeletal muscle"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"207","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science Juntendo University Inzai Chiba Japan"},{"name":"Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science Juntendo University Inzai Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Kakigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine Juntendo University Inzai Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Ichinoseki\u2010Sekine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine Juntendo University Inzai Chiba 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