{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T02:19:45Z","timestamp":1780539585659,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,18]],"date-time":"2013-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of exercise and antagonists of the angiotensin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> and aldosterone receptors on cardiac autonomic regulation and ventricular repolarization in rats chronically treated with nandrolone decanoate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ND<\/jats:styled-content>), a synthetic androgen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: sedentary, trained, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ND<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated, trained and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ND<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated, trained and treated with both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ND<\/jats:styled-content> and spironolactone, and trained and treated with both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ND<\/jats:styled-content> and losartan. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ND<\/jats:styled-content> (10\u00a0mg\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> weekly) and the antagonists (20\u00a0mg\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> daily) of the angiotensin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II AT<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (losartan) and aldosterone (spironolactone) receptors were administered for 8\u00a0weeks. Exercise training was performed using a treadmill five times each week for 8\u00a0weeks. Following this 8\u2010week training and treatment period, electrocardiogram recordings were obtained to determine the time and frequency domains of heart rate variability (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRV<\/jats:styled-content>) and corrected <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content> interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>c).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nandrolone decanoate treatment increased the QTc interval and reduced the parasympathetic indexes of HRV (RMSSD, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pNN<\/jats:styled-content>5 and high\u2010frequency power) in sedentary and trained rats. The ratio between low\u2010 and high\u2010frequency power (LF\/HF) was higher in ND\u2010treated groups. Both losartan and spironolactone treatments prevented the effects of ND on the QTc interval and the HRV parameters (RMSSD, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pNN<\/jats:styled-content>5, high\u2010frequency power, and the LF\/HF ratio).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results show that chronic treatment with a high dose of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ND<\/jats:styled-content> induces cardiac parasympathetic dysfunction and disturbances in ventricular repolarization in both sedentary and exercised rats. Furthermore, inhibiting the renin\u2010angiotensin\u2010aldosterone system using losartan, or spironolactone, prevented these deleterious effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,22]],"date-time":"2012-12-22T01:56:10Z","timestamp":1356141370000},"page":"166-171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The blockade of angiotensin <scp>AT<\/scp><sub>1<\/sub> and aldosterone receptors protects rats from synthetic androgen\u2010induced cardiac autonomic dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"S. 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