{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:37:43Z","timestamp":1790843863327,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,12]],"date-time":"2013-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>According to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>orld <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>iabetes <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>oundation, there is an urgent need to investigate the impact of maternal health and nutrition during pregnancy to understand the background for the accelerating incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we specifically concentrated on the role of overfeeding during different developmental periods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sprague\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>awley rats were offered chow or high\u2010fat\/high\u2010sucrose diet (chow plus chocolate and soft drink) during gestation and lactation. At birth, offspring were randomly cross\u2010fostered within each dietary group into small and normal litter sizes until weaning, giving four dietary groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At postnatal day 1, offspring from high\u2010fat\/high\u2010sucrose\u2010fed dams were heavier and had increased hepatic triglycerides (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>), hepatic glycogen, blood glucose and plasma insulin compared with offspring from chow\u2010fed dams. Hepatic genes involved in lipid oxidation, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<\/jats:styled-content> transport and insulin receptor were down\u2010regulated, whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGF<\/jats:styled-content>21 expression was up\u2010regulated. Independent of postnatal litter size, offspring from high\u2010fat\/high\u2010sucrose\u2010fed dams aged 21\u00a0days had still increased hepatic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content> and up\u2010regulated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGF<\/jats:styled-content>21 expression, while plasma insulin started to decrease. Litter size reduction in offspring from high\u2010fat\/high\u2010sucrose\u2010fed dams further increased body weight and adiposity, and up\u2010regulated genes involved in hepatic mitochondrial lipid oxidation and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<\/jats:styled-content> transport compared with all other groups. Litter size reduction did not have any impact on body weight gain and adiposity in offspring born to chow\u2010fed dams.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that supplementation of chocolate and soft drink during gestation and lactation contributes to early onset of hepatic steatosis associated with changes in hepatic gene expression and lipid handling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,19]],"date-time":"2013-06-19T12:31:53Z","timestamp":1371645113000},"page":"142-153","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Maternal chocolate and sucrose soft drink intake induces hepatic steatosis in rat offspring associated with altered lipid gene expression profile"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"210","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Kjaergaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Type 2 Diabetes Pharmacology Novo Nordisk A\/S Maaloev Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uppsala University Innovation, Uppsala Science Park Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Rosendal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Assay Technology Novo Nordisk A\/S Maaloev Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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