{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:50:05Z","timestamp":1791510605612,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,27]],"date-time":"2013-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Determine the impacts of pre\u2010 and early\u2010post\u2010natal nutrition on selected markers of hepatic glucose and fat metabolism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twin\u2010bearing ewes were fed 100% (NORM) or 50% (LOW) of protein and energy requirements during the last 6\u2010weeks of gestation. Twin\u2010lambs received either a high\u2010carbohydrate high\u2010fat (HCHF) or conventional (CONV) diet from 3 days to 6 months of age (around puberty), whereafter lambs from the four subgroups were slaughtered (16 males\/3 females). Remaining lambs (19 females) were fed a moderate diet and slaughtered at 2 years of age (young adults).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010natal LOW nutrition was associated with increased hepatic triglyceride, ceramide and free fatty acid content in adulthood (not observed in lambs), which was accompanied by up\u2010regulated early\u2010stage insulin signalling as reflected by increased <jats:italic>INSR\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>PI3K\u2010p110<\/jats:italic> protein expression. The HCHF diet increased hepatic triglyceride content in lambs, associated with down\u2010regulated expressions of energy\u2010metabolism\u2010related genes (<jats:italic>GLUT1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> PPAR\u03b1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> SREBP1c<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> PEPCK<\/jats:italic>). These post\u2010natal effects were not observed in adult HCHF sheep, after they had received a moderate (body\u2010fat correcting) diet for 1.5 years. Interestingly, pre\u2010natal LOW nutrition induced permanent alterations in hepatic phospholipids\u2019 fatty acid composition. Thus, the amount of linoleic acid (C18\u00a0:\u00a02 \u2206<jats:sup>9,12<\/jats:sup>) was significantly increased and composition of rumen\u2010derived fatty acids were altered, indicating changed composition of rumenal microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatic insulin signalling and linoleic and microbial\u2010derived fatty acid content in phospholipids are targets of foetal programming induced by late\u2010gestation undernutrition. Future studies are required to explain their cause\u2013effect associations with increased risks of developing hepatic steatosis and insulin insensitivity in adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,6]],"date-time":"2013-12-06T12:36:40Z","timestamp":1386333400000},"page":"317-329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pre\u2010natal undernutrition and post\u2010natal overnutrition are associated with permanent changes in hepatic metabolism markers and fatty acid composition in sheep"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"210","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark"},{"name":"Centre for Fetal Programming Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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