{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:32:42Z","timestamp":1790634762099,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,5]],"date-time":"2017-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010052","name":"Northumbria University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>An initial bout of eccentric exercise is known to protect against muscle damage following a repeated bout of the same exercise; however, the neuromuscular adaptations owing to this phenomenon are unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether neuromuscular disturbances are modulated following a repeated bout of eccentric exercise.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following eccentric exercise performed with the elbow flexors, we measured maximal voluntary force, resting twitch force, muscle soreness, creatine kinase (CK) and voluntary activation (VA) using motor point and motor cortex stimulation at baseline, immediately post\u2010exercise and at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7\u00a0days post\u2010exercise on two occasions, separated by 3\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant muscle damage and fatigue were evident following the first exercise bout; maximal voluntary contraction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVC<\/jats:styled-content>) was reduced immediately by 35% and remained depressed at 7\u00a0days post\u2010exercise. Soreness and CK release peaked at 3 and 4\u00a0days post\u2010exercise respectively. Resting twitch force remained significantly reduced at 7\u00a0days (\u221248%), whilst VA measured with motor point and motor cortex stimulation was reduced until 2 and 3\u00a0days respectively. A repeated bout effect (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBE<\/jats:styled-content>) was observed with attenuated soreness and CK release and a quicker recovery of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVC<\/jats:styled-content> and resting twitch force. A similar decrement in VA was observed following both bouts; however, following the repeated bout there was a significantly smaller reduction in, and a faster recovery of, VA measured using motor cortical stimulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data suggest that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBE<\/jats:styled-content> may be explained, partly, by a modification in motor corticospinal drive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]],"date-time":"2016-12-17T13:35:11Z","timestamp":1481981711000},"page":"486-500","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Neuromuscular changes and the rapid adaptation following a bout of damaging eccentric exercise"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"220","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9029-2171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Goodall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise &amp; Rehabilitation Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcatsle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise &amp; Rehabilitation Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcatsle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Barwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Health and Nutrition Leeds Trinity University Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Keane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise &amp; Rehabilitation Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcatsle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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