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Such t\u2010tubular remodelling disturbs the synchrony and signalling between membranous and intracellular ion channels, exchangers, receptors and ATPases essential in the dynamics of excitation\u2010contraction coupling, leading to ionic abnormality and mechanical dysfunction in heart disease progression. In this study, we investigated whether a disrupted t\u2010tubular network has a direct effect on cardiac mechano\u2010energetics. Our aim was to understand the fundamental link between t\u2010tubular remodelling and impaired energy metabolism, both of which are characteristics of heart failure. We thus studied healthy tissue preparations in which cellular processes are not altered by any disease event.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We exploited the \u201cformamide\u2010detubulation\u201d technique to acutely disrupt the t\u2010tubular network in rat left\u2010ventricular trabeculae. We assessed the energy utilization by cellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> cycling and by crossbridge cycling, and quantified the change of energy efficiency following detubulation. For these measurements, trabeculae were mounted in a microcalorimeter where force and heat output were simultaneously measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following structural disorganization from detubulation, muscle heat output associated with Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> cycling was reduced, indicating impaired intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> homeostasis. This led to reduced force production and heat output by crossbridge cycling. The reduction in force\u2010length work was not paralleled by proportionate reduction in the heat output and, as such, energy efficiency was reduced.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results reveal the direct energetic consequences of disrupted t\u2010tubular network, linking the energy disturbance and the t\u2010tubular remodelling typically observed in heart failure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T22:18:33Z","timestamp":1596665913000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Disruption of transverse\u2010tubular network reduces energy efficiency in cardiac muscle contraction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"231","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9995-0097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas 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