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The pyloric sphincter, which demarcates the stomach from the small intestine, acts as a mechanical and electrical barrier, isolating each organ, thus enabling independent behaviors that are critical for proper digestion. Unique electrical patterns in the stomach, pylorus, and duodenum underpin the distinct contractile patterns of these regions, and improper organization of these mechanical behaviors leads to clinical conditions such as gastroparesis and dumping syndrome. For this reason, the gastroduodenal junction should be a focal point in investigations of novel biomarkers of gastrointestinal dysfunction. This review summarizes the current knowledge of bioelectrical and mechanical characteristics of the gastroduodenal junction, as well as the relevant underlying anatomy. As there is limited documentation of physiological recordings from the gastroduodenal junction of humans, inferences are made from animal studies and from measurements taken from other regions of the gastrointestinal tract, where appropriate. We suggest hypotheses on gastroduodenal electromechanical coupling and propose further studies to support or reject these ideas. Improved physiological understanding of this region, and the advent of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools are crucial aspects for the future of clinical gastrointestinal medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.70008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T07:49:30Z","timestamp":1740037770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Electromechanical coupling across the gastroduodenal junction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"241","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0095-7235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam","family":"Simmonds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan D.","family":"Huizinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Taberner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Engineering Science and Biomedical Engineering University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Engineering Science and Biomedical Engineering University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1610-3787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy R.","family":"Angeli\u2010Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Te Manawahoukura Rangahau Centre Te W\u0101nanga o Aotearoa  Te Awamutu New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1922.02640680020008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00006.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0038-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0115426505020005517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RBME.2018.2867555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00065.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-014-0261-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2013.19.3.395"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12522"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2006.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.12.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0812-1458"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/advances.2003.27.4.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","volume-title":"Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. 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