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In rodents, BAT is well characterized, with interscapular BAT (iBAT) representing the main thermogenic depot. In contrast, the existence and persistence of iBAT in adult humans have long been overlooked. In this review, we synthesize anatomical, histological, imaging, and molecular evidence supporting the presence of a potentially active iBAT depot within the dorsocervical subcutaneous adipose tissue in humans. Gene expression and histological studies have conclusively identified dorsocervical subcutaneous adipose tissue as iBAT in human neonates. In adults, the persistence of this depot has been suggested by early histological observations, although definitive molecular confirmation is still lacking. More recent data from HIV\u20101\u2010infected individuals report increased expression of BAT\u2010related markers in the dorsocervical region; however, histological analyses have not consistently confirmed the presence of iBAT in this population. In parallel, two independent cold\u2010induced\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F\u2010FDG\u2010PET\/CT studies have reported elevated glucose uptake in this area, with a higher prevalence in women. Taken together, these findings suggest that a dorsocervical subcutaneous adipose depot with BAT\u2010like characteristics may persist into adulthood, particularly in women. Nevertheless, targeted biopsy studies combined with molecular and cellular analyses, together with advanced PET\u2010CT imaging using tracers capable of assessing thermogenic activity in\u00a0vivo, are required to clarify whether this tissue represents classical BAT, a beige adipose depot, or a developmentally retained adipose niche. Defining the identity and function of this depot would advance current concepts of human adipose tissue\u00a0heterogeneity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.70190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T16:54:57Z","timestamp":1773852897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Deciphering the Presence of Active Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"242","author":[{"given":"Joaquin","family":"Sanchez\u2010Gomez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine and SPORT Research Group (CTS\u20101024) CIBIS Research Center, University of Almeria  Almeria Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Ruiz\u2010Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and SPORT Research Group (CTS\u20101024) CIBIS Research Center, University of Almer\u00eda  Almer\u00eda Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anabel","family":"Chica\u2010Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine and SPORT Research Group (CTS\u20101024) CIBIS Research Center, University of Almeria  Almeria Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Baena\u2010Raya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and SPORT Research Group (CTS\u20101024) CIBIS Research Center, University of Almer\u00eda  Almer\u00eda Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco M.","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turku PET Centre University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"Turku PET Centre Turku University Hospital  Turku Finland"},{"name":"InFLAMES Research Flagship Center University of Turku  Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Wolfrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick C. N.","family":"Rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Romacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Chronic Complications of Diabetes Lab (ChroCoDiL), biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Therapeutics (BIT; CTS\u20101163), CEINSA Research Center University of Almeria  Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8783-1859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borja","family":"Martinez\u2010Tellez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine and SPORT Research Group (CTS\u20101024) CIBIS Research Center, University of Almeria  Almeria Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden the Netherlands"},{"name":"CIBER de Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.053942"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00015.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-021-09690-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00691.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808718"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810780"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808949"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2032804"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.93166"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00447"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1126-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"The Distribution of Brown Adipose Tissue in the Human","volume":"112","author":"Heaton J. 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