{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:40:10Z","timestamp":1782513610360,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,4]],"date-time":"2013-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iaap-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Applied Psych Health &amp;amp; Well"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    There is evidence that Black patients may experience stereotype threat\u2014apprehension about being negatively stereotyped\u2014in healthcare settings, which might adversely affect their behavior in clinical encounters. Recent studies conducted outside of healthcare have shown that a brief self\u2010affirmation intervention, in which individuals are asked to focus on and affirm their valued characteristics and sources of personal pride, can reduce the negative effects of stereotype threat on academic performance and on interpersonal communication.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This randomised controlled trial examined whether a self\u2010affirmation (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) intervention would decrease the negative effects of stereotype threat (negative mood, lower state self\u2010esteem, greater perceptions of racial discrimination) and increase communication self\u2010efficacy among Black primary care patients. Self\u2010affirmation was induced by having patients complete a 32\u2010item values affirmation questionnaire.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients in the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    condition had lower levels of performance self\u2010esteem and social self\u2010esteem than patients in the control. There were no differences between the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and the control groups on negative mood, communication self\u2010efficacy, and perceptions of discrimination.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Our\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    intervention lowered state self\u2010esteem among Black patients. Future research is needed to determine the type of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    task that is most effective for this population.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aphw.12015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,11]],"date-time":"2013-10-11T22:03:05Z","timestamp":1381528985000},"page":"135-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Brief Self\u2010Affirmation Study to Improve the Experience of Minority Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Diana J.","family":"Burgess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Healthcare System Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research (CCDOR)  USA"},{"name":"University of Minnesota  USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent 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