{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T08:19:27Z","timestamp":1725005967301},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norwegian Organization for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (NORM)"},{"name":"University Hospital of North Norway"},{"name":"Bergen Health Region"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Routine surveillance of resistance to broad\u2010spectrum cephalosporins in <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic> and phenotypic identification of underlying mechanisms using a simple strategy was commenced in 2006 at our laboratory, serving West Norway. This report focuses on the results until 2013. The classical plasmid\u2010mediated extended spectrum beta\u2010lactamase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESBL<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>) among clinically relevant <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> isolates showed an increase from 0.6% to 4.3% during the surveillance period, while prevalence for other mechanisms remained stable, below 0.7%. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESBL<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> had similar prevalence in 2006 (0.6%) and 2013 (4.4%), but in between it peaked to 3.9% in 2008 and to 9.3% in 2011. Within the other species, the numbers of clinically relevant isolates and isolates\u2010producing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESBL<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> were much lower. An increasing resistance due to hyperproduction of AmpC enzymes was seen in <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Citrobacter<\/jats:italic>, with prevalence increasing from 18% and 12.2% in 2006 to 27.5% and 26.1% in 2013, respectively. Hyperproduction of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KOXY<\/jats:styled-content> enzyme in <jats:italic>Klebsiella oxytoca<\/jats:italic> remained below 9.5% and did not show an increasing trend. The overall increase in the proportions of isolates\u2010producing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESBL<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and hyperproduction of AmpC in <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>Citrobacter<\/jats:italic> necessitates measures to hinder the spread of resistant bacteria and vigilant antibiotic stewardship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T05:48:50Z","timestamp":1481003330000},"page":"52-58","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Extended spectrum cephalosporin resistance among clinical isolates of <i>Enterobacteriaceae<\/i> in West Norway during 2006\u20132013; a prospective surveillance study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Haima","family":"Mylvaganam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helge","family":"Kolstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca Irene","family":"Breistein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grete","family":"Lind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dag Harald","family":"Skutlaberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"NORM\/NORM\u2010VET.Usage of Antimicrobial Agents and Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Norway. 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