{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T10:48:59Z","timestamp":1782643739883,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Campylobacteriosis is one of the most frequently reported zoonoses worldwide. The well\u2010documented increase in the ciprofloxacin resistance has increased the importance of rapid detection of the resistance. The incidence of ciprofloxacin resistance was investigated using real\u2010time PCR. Identification of one hundred and fifty\u2010eight strains was performed by PCR. Minimum inhibitory concentration\u00a0(MIC) of ciprofloxacin was determined by Epsilometer test. Following the confirmation of the efficiencies of singleplex real\u2010time PCR methods using two different probes, a cytosine to thymine point mutation at codon 86 was detected by allelic discrimination. Of the 158 strains, 114 (72.2%) were determined to be resistant to ciprofloxacin. The MIC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> and the MIC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub> of ciprofloxacin were found to be 8 and \u226532\u00a0mg\/L, respectively. By real\u2010time PCR, the presence of the mutation was confirmed in all, but one, resistant strains and the absence of the mutation was demonstrated in all, but one, susceptible strains. The rate of resistance is high among <jats:italic>C.\u00a0jejuni<\/jats:italic> strains and ciprofloxacin should not be used in the treatment of such infections in Turkey. A cytosine to thymine mutation is the most frequently detected mechanism for the resistance. Real\u2010time PCR can be used for the quick screening of the resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T12:34:58Z","timestamp":1573043698000},"page":"41-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Molecular and phenotypical investigation of ciprofloxacin resistance among <i>Campylobacter jejuni<\/i> strains of human origin: high prevalence of resistance in Turkey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Ilktac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Microbiology Department Eastern Mediterranean University Famagusta Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betigul","family":"Ongen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Medical Microbiology Department Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Humphrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Infectious Disease Group Swansea University Medical School Swansea University Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa K.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Infectious Disease Group Swansea University Medical School Swansea University Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"5500","article-title":"The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food\u2010borne outbreaks in 2017","volume":"16","author":"EFSA and ECDC (European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control)","year":"2018","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6711a3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00006-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-06839-3.00216-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252317000135"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"e000198","article-title":"Trends in fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter","volume":"4","author":"Sproston EL","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb Genom"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.23753"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/512369"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","volume-title":"Prioritization of pathogens to guide discovery, research and development of new antibiotics for drug\u2010resistant bacterial infections, including tuberculosis","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.4.2.189"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3971","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.11.3971-3978.2000","article-title":"Identification of ciprofloxacin\u2010resistant Campylobacter jejuni by use of a fluorogenic PCR assay","volume":"38","author":"Wilson DL","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-73.6.1141"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix624"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf173"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268805004814"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000890"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","article-title":"Molecular typing of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli of human strains isolated in Turkey over an eight\u2010year period","volume":"3","author":"Ilktac M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Lab"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","unstructured":"The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST).Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. 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