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Probe recovery was performed by dialysis and retrodialysis. Cefepime was administered at a dose of 110\u2009mg\/kg intravenously. Samples were collected for about 4\u2009h, and concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography\u2010electrospray ionization\u2010QTOF MS. Tissue penetration was also determined. Probe recovery <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> was 38.78%\u2009\u00b1\u20093.31% and 38.83%\u2009\u00b1\u20092.74% in the control and peritonitis groups, respectively. Cefepime was rapidly distributed in the peritoneal fluid in both groups. The peritoneal fluid\/plasma cefepime ratio was 0.38 and 0.32 for the control and peritonitis groups, respectively. Cefepime concentrations were above the MIC of 4\u2009mg\/L for the main enterobacteria. The infection model that was used had no apparent effect on the pharmacokinetics of cefepime in rats. 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