{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T18:27:23Z","timestamp":1754159243476,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009777","name":"Region Halland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Halland\u2010991483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Halland\u2010991483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009777","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibodies and avidity maturation contribute to long\u2010lasting immunity, and previous COVID\u201019 seems to enhance the immune response after vaccination. The aim of this study was to compare the immune response after vaccination between COVID\u201019 convalescents and na\u00efve patients. Blood samples from COVID\u201019 convalescents and na\u00efve patients, taken 1, 3 and 6\u2009months after the second dose of vaccine (mRNA\u2010vaccine BNT162b2), were analysed for anti\u2010spike IgG and avidity. Questionnaires concerning side effects were used. Thirty\u2010one patients in the COVID\u201019 cohort and 30 patients in the na\u00efve cohort were included. High levels of anti\u2010spike IgG and avidity index were seen. Anti\u2010spike IgG were significantly higher in the COVID\u201019 cohort and declining (median 1250, 566, 282 RU\/ml vs 565, 187, 65 RU\/ml). Avidity did not change over time (median at 6\u2009months 78% vs 65%). The most common side effects were pain at the injection site, malaise and headache. In conclusion, high levels of anti\u2010spike IgG after vaccination were seen and most patients developed high\u2010avidity antibodies, although antibody levels and avidity were higher in the COVID\u201019 cohort. Over time, the levels of anti\u2010spike IgG declined, yet avidity remained high. Side effects did not differ between groups and were of short duration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T11:19:17Z","timestamp":1730978357000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Avidity maturation of anti\u2010spike <scp>IgG<\/scp> after vaccination in <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 convalescent vs <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 na\u00efve patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4949-9060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"L\u00f6fstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University, Office DCSL  Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology Hallands hospital Halmstad  Halmstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Eringf\u00e4lt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology Hallands hospital Halmstad  Halmstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"K\u00f6tz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology Hallands hospital Halmstad  Halmstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Tham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Infection Medicine Lund University, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Und\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University, Office DCSL  Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Operation and Intensive care Hallands hospital Halmstad  Halmstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00320-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"WHO. 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